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1、《经济学家》读译参考Translated&EditedbyChenJilongTEXT7BridgeacrosstheBosporusFeb23rd2006FromTheEconomistprinteditionMOREthan80yearsafterbeing★supplanted[1]bytheTurkishrepublic,theOttomanempirewillnotdie.BloodshedintheBalkans;ArabandKurdishnationalismacrosstheMiddleEast;★Turcophobia[2]inArmen
2、ia;(1)allareechoesofadynastythatsurvivedfor600years▲andwhosedominionse____①____fromtheDanubethroughtheLevanttoAlgiers.Fewhistorianshavedaredcompressthestoryofthisextraordinaryenterpriseintoasinglevolume.“Osman'sDream”showswhy.OsmanledoneofseveralTurcomantribes,ofCentralAsiandescent
3、,thatwerecompetingforcontrolofAnatoliaatthebeginningofthe14thcentury.(ThedreaminquestionwasinterpretedtomeanthatOsmanwouldfoundanimperialhouse;(2)“Ottoman”istheEuropeancorruptionofhisname▲).Bythemid-16thcentury,Osman'sdescendantshadkilledofftheByzantineEmpireandt____②____itscapital
4、,Constantinople(renamedIstanbul),intotheworld'sgreatestmosquecity.TheyalsohadcontroloftheMuslimholyplaces,MeccaandMedina,inArabia.Theempire'sexpansionwasdriveninpartbyIslamicnotionsofajustwaragainstthe★infidel[3],buttheOttomanswerealsonotablefortheirrelativetolerance.Jewsfleeingthe
5、★Spanishinquisition[4]werewelcomedtoIstanbul.Christianconvertsbecamekeyfiguresinthebureaucracy,armedforcesandthe★harem[5].Evenattheempire'speak,however,thetideofhistorywasturninginEurope'sf__③.___ChallengedbytheEuropeans'intellectualandmilitary★prowess[6],hamperedbythefiscalineptit
6、udeofitsleaders,andpowerlesstosuppressthepettynationalismsthatinfecteditsBalkanpossessions,(3)theempirebegantounravel—attimesabruptly,atothersimperceptibly.▲Withherdoctorateinthe★fiendishly[7]complexdisciplineofOttomanstudies,(4)MsFinkelisideallyplacedtomakesenseofthis.▲But“Osman's
7、Dream”leavesonewiththeimpressionthattheauthor'sscholarship—sheincludesa30-pagebibliography—couldhavebeenputtobetteruse.Herapparentdesiretorecordeveryeventofsignificancesometimesr___④___inadispiritingsuccessionofmilitarycampaignsanddiplomaticintrigues;(5)onewouldhavepreferreda★pruni
8、ng[8]ofthe★thicket[9]ofeve