汽车专业毕业论文翻译中英文（全）automobileexhaustpaper

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1、NATUREANDTYPEOFPOLLUTIONFROMAUTOMOBILESANDSTRATEGIESFORITSCONTROLDr.G.C.Kisku,ScientistIndustrialToxicologyResearchCentre,EnvironmentalMonitoringDivisionM.G.Marg,PostBoxNo.80，Lucknow-226001,U.P.E-mail:kiskugc1@rediffmail.comINTRODUCTIONDeteriorationof

2、airqualityisamajorenvironmentalprobleminmanylargeurbancentersinbothdevelopedanddevelopingcountries.Althoughurbanairqualityindevelopedcountrieshasbeencontrolledtosomeextentduringthepasttwodecades,inmostofthedevelopingcountriesitisworseningandbecomingam

3、ajorthreattothehealthandwelfareofpeopleandtheenvironment.Inourmodernsociety,qualityoflifeisgreatlymeasuredbytheamountofconsumptionofelectricityorbytheuseofcar.Electricitygenerationandoperationofvehiclesmostlyusefossilfuel.Asthesefuelsareburnt,hugequan

4、tityoflethalchemicalsandpoisonousparticulatematterarereleasedasapartofemissionintothesurroundingatmosphereduetoincompletecombustioncausingseriousairpollution,affectingpublichealth.ThecontributionofmotorvehiclestoairpollutionwasfirstrecognizedbyProf.Ha

5、zenSmitwhodiscoveredthatthetwoinvisiblevehicularemissionsnamelyhydrocarbonsandoxidesofnitrogenwereresponsibleforthefamousLosAngeles‘photochemicalsmog’.Thesegasesinteractwithoneanotherandothercomponentsoftheatmospheretogenerateseveralharmfulcompoundsvi

6、z.carcinogens.Theautoexhaustalsoaffectsourvaluableculturalheritage,historicalplaces/monuments/architectureandtheenvironment.ThenumberofvehiclesinIndiahasincreasedfrom1.86millionin1971to32millionin1996andabout53millionin2000.Meteorologicalandtopographi

7、calconditionsaffectdispersionandtransportofthesepollutantsinambientair.AUTOMOTIVEENGINETYPESSpark-ignitionandDieselenginesarethetwomostcommonengines.OthertypesofenginesareRotary(Wankel)Engines,Gas-Turbine(Brayton)Engines,Steam(Rankine)Engines,Stirling

8、)Engines,ElectricandHybridVehicles.Spark-ignitiongasolineengineshaveeithera2-Stroke(thecycleiscompletedin2-strokesofthepiston)or4-Strokedesign(thecycleiscompletedin4-strokes,Suction►Compression►ExpansionorPowerand►ExhaustStrokesofthepiston).2-