dreams of other worlds： the amazing story of unmanned space exploration

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1、IIIIIDreamsofOtherWorldsDreamsofOtherWorldsTheAmazingStoryofUnmannedSpaceExplorationIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIChrisImpeyandHollyHenryPrincetonUniversityPressPrincetonandOxfordCopyright©2013byPrincetonUniversityPressPublished

2、byPrincetonUniversityPress,41WilliamStreet,Princeton,NewJersey08540IntheUnitedKingdom:PrincetonUniversityPress,6OxfordStreet,Woodstock,OxfordshireOX201TWpress.princeton.eduJacketIllustrations:Planetwithsunriseonthebackgroundofstars.©Molodec.CourtesyofShutterstock.Art

3、ist’srenderingoftheplanetKepler-22b,locatedinthe“habitablezone”oftheKepler-22starsystem.CourtesyofNASA/Ames/JPL-Caltech.AllRightsReservedISBN978-0-691-14753-6LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2013939381BritishLibraryCataloging-in-PublicationDataisavailableThisbookhasbee

4、ncomposedinSabonandHelveticaNeuePrintedonacid-freepaper∞PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica10987654321IIIIIContents1■Introduction12■Viking:DiscoveringtheRedPlanet133■MER:TheLittleRoversThatCould404■Voyager:GrandTouroftheSolarSystem745■Cassini:BrightRingsandIcyWorlds111

5、6■Stardust:CatchingaCometbytheTail1377■SOHO:LivingwithaRestlessStar1618■Hipparcos:MappingtheMilkyWay1869■Spitzer:UnveilingtheCoolCosmos21110■Chandra:ExploringtheViolentCosmos24211■HST:TheUniverseinSharpFocus27012■WMAP:MappingtheInfantUniverse30213■Conclusion:NewHoriz

6、ons,NewWorlds327Notes343SelectedBibliography405Index417IIIIIDreamsofOtherWorlds1IIIIIIIntroductionSomeonewho“miSSed”thelatepartofthetwentiethcentury,perhapsbybeinginacomaoradeepsleep,orbybeingmaroonedonadesertisland,wouldhavemanyadjustmentstomakeuponre-joiningciviliz

7、ation.Thelargestwouldprobablybethegallopingprogressincomputersandtelecommunicationsandinformationtechnology.Butiftheirattentionturnedtoastronomy,theywouldalsobeamazedbywhathadbeenlearnedintheinterim.Inthelastthirdofthecentury,Marsturnedfromapalereddiskasseenthroughat

8、elescopetoaplanetwithancientlakebedsandsubter-raneanglaciers.TheouterSolarSystemwentfrombeingfrigidanduninterestingrealestatetobein