[英语学习]英语词源字典n

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1、-nesssuffixofaction,qualityorstate,attachedtoanadj.orpp.toformanoun,fromO.E.-nes(s),generalW.Gmc.,cf.M.Du.-nisse,O.H.G.-nissa,Ger.-nis,Goth.-inassus.-nikasinbeatnik,etc.,suffixusedinwordformationfromc.1945,fromYiddish-nik(cf.nudnik"abore"),fromRus.-nik,commonpersonalsuffixmeaning"personorthingas

2、sociatedwithorinvolvedin"(cf.kolkhoznik"memberofakolkhoz").Rocketedtopopularitywithsputnik(q.v.).Ninnickname,newt,andBrit.dial.naunt,the-n-belongstoaprecedingindefinitearticleanorpossessivepronounmine.OtherexamplesofthisfromM.E.manuscriptsincludeaneilond("anisland,"c.1220),anarawe("anarrow,"c.14

3、00),anoke("anoak,"c.1420),anappyle("anapple,"c.1420).Theprocessalsoworkedinsurnames,fromobliquecasesofO.E.at"by,near,"e.g.Nock/Nokes/NoaksfromattenOke"bytheoak;"Nyefromattenye"nearthelowland."Thelossofittoaprecedingaismorecommon:apron,auger,adder,umpire,humblepie,etc.Themathematicaluseofnfor"ani

4、ndefinitenumber"isfirstrecorded1852,intothenthpower.N.B.1673,L.abbreviationofnotabene"notewell."n.g.abbreviationofnogood,attestedfrom1838;variantn.b.g.fornobloodygoodisfirstrecorded1903.NAACPabbreviationofNationalAssociationfortheAdvancementofColoredPeople,firstattested1910.OrganizationfoundedFe

5、b.12,1909,asNationalNegroCommittee.Naamanmasc.propername,biblicalnameofArameangeneralcuredofleprosybyElisha,fromHeb.Na'aman,lit."pleasantness,"fromstemofna'em"waspleasantorlovely."nab(v.)"tocatch(someone),1686,probablyavariantofdial.nap"toseize,catch,layholdof"(1673,nowsurvivingonlyinkidnap),whi

6、chispossiblyfromScand.(cf.Norw.nappe"tocatch,snatch;"Swed.nappa;Dan.nappe"topinch,pull"),reinforcedbyM.E.napand"grasping,greedy."nabob1612,"deputygovernorinMogulEmpire,"Anglo-Indian,fromHindinabab,fromArabicnuwwab,honorificpl.ofna'ib"viceroy,deputy,"frombasen-w-b"totakesomeone'splace."Alsousedof

7、EuropeanswhocamehomefromIndiahavingmadeafortunethere,hence"veryrichman"(1764).nachoaccordingto"TheDallasMorningNews"[Oct.22,1995],namedforrestaurantcookIgnacioAnaya,whoinventedthedishintheMexicanbordertownofPiedrasNegrasin19