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ID:22743567
大小:93.00 KB
页数:18页
时间:2018-10-31
《外文翻译--对防火安全因素的讨论》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在应用文档-天天文库。
1、DISCUSSIONOFFIRESAFETYMATRIXThefiresafetymatrixconsidersthebuildingheight,sprinklerprotectionandtheemergencystrategyastheprimaryvariables.Thisisduetothehighinfluencethattheinteractionsofthesevariableshaveonotherfiresafetymeasures.Inadditiontothis,thefireengineercanspecifytheemergencystrategyand
2、sprinklerprotectionforthebuildingthatwillprovideflexibilitytothematrix.Thereforeoncetheextentofthesethreevariableshasbeendeterminedtheremainingfiresafetysystemscanbeselectedtosuitthebuilding.Theobjectiveofthefiresafetyrecommendationsistoaddresskeyissuesthatresultfromagivensetofbuildingcharacter
3、istics,whileprovidingmultiplelevelsofprotectionforoccupantsintheeventofafire.Thisprovidesabackuporredundancyinthedesignintheeventofonepartofthesystemfailing.Forexample,ifthesprinklersystemfailstheoccupantswillbeprotectedwithpassiveprotectionandsmokecontrolsystems.Thefollowingsectionsdiscussthet
4、hreebuildingheightlimitswithrespecttothefiresafetymeasuresthathavebeenrecommended.Thestagedevacuationstrategyhasnotbeendiscussedseparatelyasitisacombinationoftheothertwostrategiesandthesamefundamentalprinciplesapply.1Buildingsgreaterthan25minheight.Oncebuildingsexceed25minheight,theabilityofthe
5、firebrigadetorescueoccupantsexternallybecomeslimited.Therefore,ahigherleveloffiresafetyneedstobeprovidedtothestairsandescapepaths.Emergencyliftsarealsoconsideredanoptiontoproviderapidaccessforthefirebrigadeandegressfordisabledoccupants.Asbuildingsbecometallertheleveloffireprotectionneedstoincre
6、ase.Thisisdueto:1Furthertraveldistances,resultinginahigherchanceofexposuretofireandfireproducts,andlongerexposuretime.2Thereducedabilityofthefirebrigadetorescuepeopleexternally3Theincreasedtimeforthefirebrigadetoreachupperlevels4Moreoccupants,resultinginahigherriskofinjuryanddeaths5Thereisagrea
7、tervariabilityinoccupantabilitiesandhumanbehaviour,duetothegreaternumberofoccupants5Therearemoresourcesofignitionandfire1.1Evacuationinbuildingsgreaterthan25mAnevacuationstrategyreliesontheprotectionofegresspaths,aswellastheprotec
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