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1、兰州交通大学毕业设计（论文）ChinaHigh-SpeedRailwayAstheeconomicgrow,intercitytraveldemandhasincreaseddramaticallyintheGreaterChinaArea.Traditionalrailwayscanhardlysatisfythepassengerandfreighttraveldemand,highspeedrailishenceproposedandconstructedafter1990s.Thisstudyaims
2、tointegratecurrentdevelopmentofbothrail-basedandMaglevhighspeedtrainsinthisarea.From1997,Taiwankicked-offitshighspeedrailconstructionbyimportingthetechnologyofJapaneseShinkansen.TheTaiwanHighSpeedRailisa15-billionUSdollarsproject.Tosavethecostofconstruction
3、andmanagement,theBOTmodelwasapplied.Thoughnottotallysatisfied,thisprojectisstillsuccessfulandreadytooperateinthe4thquarterof2007.Chinaispreparingitshighspeedrailservicesbyupgradingcurrentnetworks.Thecapacityandoperatingspeedareallincreasedafter5-timessystem
4、upgrade.The6thupgradewillbeinitiatedin2006.Bythen,trainswillrunataspeedof200km/hinatotaldistanceof1,400kmin7differentroutes.FromthewhitepaperpublishedbytheMinistryofRailwayinChina,therewillbetotally8rail-basedHighSpeedTrainservices.FourofthemareNorth-Southb
5、ound,andfourofthemareEast-Westbound.5ofthe8HighSpeedRailsarenowunderconstruction,thefirstlinewillbefinishedin2009,andthe2ndonewillbein2010.By2020,therewillbetotally12,000kilometershighspeedrailservicesinChina.The250billionUSdollarsconstructioncoststillleave
6、ssomeuncertaintiesforalltheseprojects.Finally,thefutureoftheMaglevsysteminChinaisnotsobrightasrail-based.Shanghaiairportlinecouldbethefirst,alsothelastMaglevprojectinChinaiftheapprovedShanghai-Hangzhoulinecannotraiseenough4.4billiondollarstobuildit.Steelrai
7、lcompositionSteelrailiscomposedofiron,carbon,manganese,andsilicon,andcontainsimpuritiessuchasphosphorous,sulphur,gases,andslag.Theproportionsofthesesubstancesmaybealteredtoachievedifferentproperties,suchasincreasedresistancetowearoncurves.Thestandardconfigu
8、rationforNorthAmericanrailresemblesanupsidedownT.ThethreepartsofT-railarecalledthebase,web,andhead.Theflatbaseenabledsuchrailtobespikeddirectlytowoodencrossties;later,railwasplacedonthenow-standardstee
