乳腺癌的影像学检查现状与新进展

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1、［摘要］乳腺癌发病率呈逐年上升趋势，严重威胁女性的健康。随着现代医学影像技术的发展，形成了以乳腺X线摄影、超声波诊断为基础的乳腺癌筛查手段，以近红外线扫描、CT、MR、乳腺核医学检查为辅助的乳腺癌补充诊断手段，从更多角度提供丰富信息，进一步提高乳腺癌的诊断率。多种影像检查手段已用于乳腺癌的筛查、诊断及治疗，综合应用影像学检查方法是乳腺癌影像诊断的主要发展趋势。通过系统分析乳腺癌的常用影像学检查及其特点，为临床医师提供更多诊疗依据。［关键词］乳腺癌；近红外线扫描；乳腺钼靶摄影;计算机断层扫描；磁共振成像；超声波诊断；核医学检查［中图分类号］R445［文献标识码］A［文章编号］167

2、4-4721(2015)05(c)-0020-05[Abstract]Theincidenceofbreastcancerisincreasingyearbyyear.Thephenomenonhasseriouslythreatenedhealthoffemale.Withthedevelopmentofmodernmedicalimagingtechnology,mammographyandultrasonidiagnosisarebasicscreeningmethodofbreastcancer.Whilenearinfraredspectroscopycomputedt

3、omographymagneticresonanceimagingandnuclearmedicinediagnosisactasakindofadditionalmethodofbreastcancerdiagnosisthatprovidemorepointofviewinformation.Inconclusion,variesimaging，methods，currently,havebeenusedinthebreastmalignanttumors'screening,diagnosis，clinicaltreatmentandfollow-up.Thecombina

4、tionofdifferentmodalities，therefore，willbeprevailinginbreastcancerearlydiagnosis.Thisreviewgivesasystematicreviewofthecommonlyusedimagingexaminationofbreastcanceranditscharacteristics,providingauxiliaryexaminationreferenceforclinicianstoselectthemostappropriatemethods.[Keywords]Breastcancer；N

5、earinfraredspectroscopy(NIRS)；Mammography；Computedtomography(CT)；Magneticresonanceimaging(MRI)；Ultrasonidiagnosis；Nuclearmedicine近年由于人们生活习惯、周围环境及其他相关因素的影响，乳腺癌的发病率呈逐年上升的趋势，已居andultrasonidiagnosisarebasicscreeningmethodofbreastcancer.Whilenearinfraredspectroscopycomputedtomographymagneticresona

6、nceimagingandnuclearmedicinediagnosisactasakindofadditionalmethodofbreastcancerdiagnosisthatprovidemorepointofviewinformation.Inconclusion,variesimaging，methods，currently,havebeenusedinthebreastmalignanttumors'screening,diagnosis，clinicaltreatmentandfollow-up.Thecombinationofdifferentmodaliti

7、es，therefore，willbeprevailinginbreastcancerearlydiagnosis.Thisreviewgivesasystematicreviewofthecommonlyusedimagingexaminationofbreastcanceranditscharacteristics,providingauxiliaryexaminationreferenceforclinicianstoselectthemostappropriatemeth