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1、InvestigationonteacherefficacyofruralprimaryschoolEnglishteachers----小学英语教学论文-->InvestigationonteacherefficacyofruralprimaryschoolEnglishteachersChapter1LiteratureRevieAmerica.ThestudyonforeignteacherefficacyisalsomainlyconductedinthefieldofAmericanpsychology.Therearemainlytericanpsychologyconcernin
2、gthestudyonteacherefficacy;orrather,thestudyisconductedinthefolloteacherefficacyployedbyRAND(Armoretal.,1976)researchers.Theyinvestigatedlocusofcontrolandtheteacher’sperceivedroleineffectingstudentoutesregardlessofenvironmentalfactors.Inamassivesurveytheyincludedtsthatreflectedthelocusofcontrolconst
3、ructsproposedbyRotter(1966).Locusofcontrolreferstothedegreeanindividualbelievesthattheperceivedcause(s)ofanintendedouteareinedbyhisorheractions(Parkay,Greenp;Proller,1988).Becauseteacherefficacysoflocusofcontrol,efficacypactonteachingoutesthanbeliefsthattheenvironmentheldgreaterpoeoftheoriginalRANDr
4、esearchersdefinedefficacyas“theextenttoance”(McLaughlinMarsh,1978,84).Thus,theRANDresearcherscreatedtstoassesstheimpactofsuchcontrolbeliefs.Theresearchersidentifiedthepositescoreonthoseitemsasthefirstassessmentofteacherefficacyandaimedtoascertainthedegreetos.Thefirstitemis:“cLaughlin,Bass,Pauly,Zell
5、man,1977;McLaughlinMarsh,1978).Thisitemreflectedanexternalcontrolorientation.Infact,itisstressedthatthepoeexperiences.ThesecondRANDitemis:“IfItryhard,Icangetthroughtoeventhemostdifficultorunmotivatedstudents”(Bermanetal.,1977,137;McLaughlinMarsh,1978,85).Thisitemreflectedaninternalcontrolorientation
6、,emphasizingthepoentalconditions(Tschannen--->Moranetal.,1998).ItseemedthattheefficacyitemsintheRANDresearchstudyanyotheritems.Amongtheseitems,thefocusent(Armoretal.,1976),studentachievement,teacherbehaviorsknoent,aplementinginnovation(Bermanetal.,1977).Asamatteroffact,thisconviction,ance,finallypro
7、vedtobeoneofthemostpoinedbyRANDresearchersintheirinvestigationofteachercharacteristicsandstudentlearning(Armoretal.,1976).Thesetsservedtoidentifytheextenttoofthetsp;LoeongTeachers’andStudents’Thinking
