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1、“JohnAdams”---ThegiantofAmericanIndependenceEarlyLifeandEducationAdamswasbornintheMassachusettsBayColonyin1735.Hisfather,thedescendantofPuritans,continuedinthisreligioustraditionbyservingasaCongregationalistdeacon;healsofarmedandservedasalieutenantinthemilitia.Furtherheservedasa
2、selectman,ortowncouncilman,andsupervisedthebuildingandplanningofschoolsandroads.Adamscommonlypraisedhisfatherandindicatedthatheandhisfatherwereveryclosewhenhewasachild.（亚当斯于1735出世在马萨诸塞殖民湾。亚当斯的父亲由于是清教徒的后代，因此坚持宗教传统担任教堂执事，他还是个农场主和民兵中尉。而且他还担任过市镇委员会委员、市议会议员，并且还监督着学校道路的计划和修建。亚当斯十分崇敬他的
3、父亲并且他说当他小的时候和父亲关系十分亲近。）YoungAdamswenttoHarvardCollegeatagesixteenin1751.Aftergraduatingin1755withanA.B.,hetaughtschoolforafewyearsinWorcester,Massachusetts,allowinghimselftimetothinkabouthiscareerchoice.Aftermuchreflection,hedecidedtobecomealawyer.In1758,afterearninganA.M.fromHa
4、rvard,Adamswasadmittedtothebar.（1751年，年仅16岁的亚当斯进入了哈弗大学。在1755年他获得学士学位毕业之后，他在伍斯特、马赛诸塞教书并且在此期间思考他的职业选择。在深思熟虑之后，他决定成为一名律师。在1758取得证书后被接纳进入马赛诸塞州律师公会。）OnOctober25,1764,fivedaysbeforehis29thbirthday,AdamsmarriedAbigailSmith(1744–1818),thedaughterofaCongregationalminister,Rev.WilliamSmit
5、h,atWeymouth,Massachusetts.TheirchildrenwereAbigail(1765–1813);futurepresidentJohnQuincyAdams(1767–1848);Susanna(1768–1770);Charles(1770–1800);ThomasBoylston(1772–1832);andElizabeth(stillborn1777).（在1764年10月25日，亚当斯29岁生日的前五天，他与阿比盖尔•史密斯在马萨诸塞州魏茂斯结婚。阿比盖尔•史密斯是公会理事长威廉·史密斯的女儿。他们的孩子分别是A
6、bigail、JohnQuincyAdams、Susanna、Charles、homasBoylston、Elizabeth，Elizabeth夭折了）AbigailSmith(hiswife)AbigailAdamsSmith(hisfirstdaughter)JohnQuincyAdams(hisfirstson,futurepresident)CharlesAdams(hissecondson)ContinentalCongressMassachusettssentAdamstothefirstandsecondContinentalCongre
7、ssesin1774andfrom1775to1777.InJune1775,withaviewofpromotingunionamongthecolonies,henominatedGeorgeWashingtonofVirginiaascommander-in-chiefofthearmythenassembledaroundBoston.HisinfluenceinCongresswasgreat,andalmostfromthebeginning,hesoughtpermanentseparationfromBritain.（亚当斯被推选为马萨
8、诸塞州的代表，参加1774年和从1775到1777年的两次大陆会议。致力于把早期的抗英基地扩大
