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1、英语国家概况AGuidetoEnglish-SpeakingCountriesTheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIrelandContentsIGeographyIIPeopleIIITheEnglishLanguageIGeographyv1.GeographicalFeaturesv2.Climatev3.MajorCitiesMapoftheUKReadthemaptofind:§AtlanticOcean§NorthSea§IrishSea§TheEnglishChanne
2、l§TheRepublicofIrelandGeographyTheofficialtitleoftheUKtheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland（since1927)ConventionallyshortenedtoUnitedKingdomAbbreviation:UKTheUKismadeupof:vGreatBritain(England,ScotlandandWales)vNorthernIrelandEnglandvManypeoplesay"England"
3、whentheyreallymean"TheUnitedKingdom."Thisisnotcorrect!PeopleinScotland,WalesandNorthernIrelandconsideritinsultingandhatehearingBritainbeingreferredtoas“England”asitappearstoignoretheirexistence.vEnglandisonlyaconstituentcountryintheUK,andapartoftheislandofGreatBritai
4、n,togetherwithScotlandandWales.BritainvStrictly,“Britain”referstothelargestislandintheBritishIsles,whichcontainsmodern-dayEngland,WalesandScotlandandislandsgovernedfromthemainland(i.e.notIsleofManorChannelIslands).vHowever,theterm“Britain”ismorecommonlyusedasapolitic
5、alterm:analternativenamefortheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.GreatBritainv"GreatBritain"isthecollectivenameforthethreecountriesofEngland,ScotlandandWales.ItalsoincludesthesmalladjacentislandsbutitdoesnotincludetheChannelIslandsandtheIsleofMan.vGreatBri
6、tainandNorthernIrelandtogetherformthe"UnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland“,orUK.TheUnitedKingdomv“TheUnitedKingdom”istheabbreviatedformfortheofficialname“TheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland“,whichcameintousein1922aftertheconstitutionoftheIrishF
7、reeState(1922-1937),theformernameoftheRepublicofIreland.TheBritishIsles(不列颠群岛）vThe"BritishIsles"isageographicaltermforagroupofislandsconsistingofGreatBritain,thewholeofIreland,andmanyothersmallersurroundingislands.vTheBritishIslesarethelargestgroupofislandsinEurope.L
8、ocationandterritoryTopography(地势）England:Itconsistsoflowlandterrain,withsomemountainousterraininthenorthwest,northandsouthwest.Scot
