植物学及园艺学英文版 botany and horticulture 76

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1、SplashScreenChapterMenuChapterPreviewSection1:SocialStructureandStatusSection2:SocialStructureandRolesSection3:PreindustrialSocietiesSection4:IndustrialandPostindustrialSocietiesChapterPreview1ChapterPreview·Section1SocialStructureandStatus(pages140–145

2、)Theunderlyingpatternofsocialrelationshipsinagroupiscalledthesocialstructure.Statusisoneveryimportantelementofsocialstructure.Ascribedstatusesareassignedatbirth;achievedstatusesareearnedorchosen.ChapterPreview2ChapterPreview·Section2SocialStructureandRo

3、les(pages146–152)Peopleinteractaccordingtoprescribedroles.Theserolescarrycertainrightsandobligations.Sometimesconflictorstrainoccurswhenanindividualhastoomanyrolestoplay.ChapterPreview3ChapterPreview·Section3PreindustrialSocieties(pages153–158)Thewayaso

4、cietyprovidesforbasicneedsgreatlyaffectsitscultureandsocialstructure.Preindustrialsocietiesincludehuntingandgathering,horticultural,pastoral,andagriculturalsocieties.ChapterPreview4ChapterPreview·Section4IndustrialandPostindustrialSocieties(pages159–164

5、)TheIndustrialRevolutioncreatedanewtypeofsocietycalledanindustrialsociety.Characteristicsthatdistinguishthissocietyfromallearlieronesincludethegrowthoflargecitiesandawidespreaddependenceonmachinesandtechnology.Postindustrialsocietyhasapredominatelywhite

6、-collarlaborforcethatisconcentratedinserviceindustries.Socialinstabilityhasbeenlinkedtothetransitionfromanindustrialtoapostindustrialsociety.ChapterPreview-EndSection1-PreviewTheunderlyingpatternofsocialrelationshipsinagroupiscalledthesocialstructure.St

7、atusisoneveryimportantelementofsocialstructure.Ascribedstatusesareassignedatbirth;achievedstatusesareearnedorchosen.Section1-KeyTermssocialstructurestatusascribedstatusachievedstatusstatussetmasterstatusABCDSection1-PollingQuestionWhichisawaythatpeopled

8、isplaytheirstatusinoursociety?A.TheirhomeB.TheircarC.WearingauniformD.AlloftheaboveSection1SocialStructureIsAllAroundYouSocialstructureistheunderlyingpatternsofrelationshipsinagroup.ABCDSection1WhichisNOTanaspectofsocialstructure