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1、国际关系与国际法何志鹏吉林大学法学院第二讲国际关系的主体与主题国际关系主体国际关系中的行为体有哪些？ActorsThroughtheDefinitionofInternationalRelations1Astrict,narrowandsomewhatclassicaldefinitionofInternationalRelationswouldbethatitis:“thestudyofrelationshipsamongtheworld’sgovernments”ActorsThroughtheDefi
2、nitionofInternationalRelations2Inpractice,whentalkingofInternationalRelations,wealsotakeintoaccountinternationaldimensionsofrelationsofgovernmentswithotheractors,(notjustwitheachother).Theseotheractors,e.g.internationalorganizations,multinationalcorporatio
3、ns&individualscanalsointeractwitheachotherintheinternationalsphere,anareashapednotonlybythedirectpoliticalassociationofgovernmentleaders,butalsobyeconomicstructures,culture,domesticpolitics,&geographical&historicalinfluences.ActorsinIRActorsinIR:StateActor
4、sWeoftentalkaboutstatestakingactionsintheinternationalarena.BritaindecidestogotowarafterArgentinaoccupiedtheFalklands;ChinadecidestojointheWTO;Swedengives$1billionincredittodevelopingcountries...etc.Actually,thoughfocusingonthestatepersehelpssimplifythings
5、,itoverlooksthefactthattherearevariousindividuals&groups&organizationsthatcan&dotake&implementdecisionsinthenameofthestate,including,forexample,governments&diplomats,parliamentarycommittees&assemblies.ActorsinIR:Non-StateActors(a)Whileastate-centricunderst
6、andingoftheinternationalsystemtraditionallydominated,thereisnowincreasedrecognitionofroleofnon-stateactorsinwhatsomerefertoasamulti-centricinternationalsystem,i.e.onewheremediacompanieslikeCNNorAlJazeera,&environmentalgroupssuchasGreenpeace&theWorldWildlif
7、eFund,&terroristorganizationssuchasAlQaeda,&transnationalormulti-nationalcorporationssuchasCocaCola,IBM&Toyota&Unilever,&eveninfluentialindividualssuchassayBobGeldof,haveabigimpact.ActorsinIR:Non-StateActors(b)WhilestatesmaystillbethemostimportantactorsinI
8、R,theyareoftenstronglylimitedorinfluencedintheiractionsbyavarietyofnon-stateactorsWecanIdentify3maincategoriesofnon-StateActorsinIR:1)SubstateActors2)TransnationalActors3)NongovernmentalOrganizationsActorsinI
