5. a brief survey of american__ literature

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1、ABriefSurveyofAmericanLiteratureI.ColonialPeriod(1607-1765)II.EnlightenmentandRevolutionPeriod(1765-endof18thcentury)III.RomanticPeriod(1800-1865)IV.RealisticPeriod(1865-1918)V.ModernPeriod(1918--1945)VI.ContemporaryAmericanLiterature(1945--)I.ColonialPeriod(1607-1765)Background:Puritanismfeaturesof

2、PuritanismPredestination:Goddecidedeverythingbeforethingsoccurred.Originalsin:Humanbeingswereborntobeevil,andthisoriginalsincanbepasseddownfromgenerationtogeneration.Limitedatonement:Onlythe“elect”canbesaved.InfluenceAgroupofgoodqualities–hardwork,thrift,piety,sobriety(seriousandthoughtful)influence

3、dAmericanliterature.TypesofWriting1、清教徒采用的文学体裁：A、narratives日记B、journals游记2、清教徒的写作内容：①theirvoyagetothenewland②adaptingthemselvestounfamiliarclimatesandcrops③aboutdealingwithIndians④endlessbounty,boldspiritImportantWritersAnneBradstreet安妮·布雷特兹里特(1612--1672)anEnglish-Americanwriter,thefirstnotableAmeri

4、canpoet,andthefirstwomantobepublishedinColonialAmerica.HerworkwasveryinfluentialtoPuritansinhertime.MuchofBradstreet'spoetryisbasedonobservationoftheworldaroundher,focusingheavilyondomesticandreligiousthemes.EdwardTaylor爱德华·泰勒(1642--1729)acolonialAmericanpoet,physician,andpastor.Taylor'scompletepoem

5、swerenotpublisheduntil1960.TayloristheonlyknownAmericanpoetwhowroteinthemetaphysicalstyle.II.EnlightenmentandRevolutionPeriod(1765-endof18thcentury)Background:ThewarforIndependenceendedintheformationofaFederativebourgeoisdemocraticrepublic–theUnitedStatesofAmerica.TypeofWritingProse(ofReasoning)，pol

6、iticalwritingsandorationsImportantWritersBenjaminFranklin本杰明·富兰克林（1706-1790）oneoftheFoundingFathersoftheUnitedStates.Anotedpolymath.Asanauthorhehadpowerofexpression,simplicity,asubtlehumor,sarcasticWorks:PoorRichard’sAlmanac格言历书Autobiography自传（18世纪美国唯一流传至今的自传）ThomasJefferson托马斯·杰斐逊DeclarationofIndep

7、endence独立宣言ThomasPaine托马斯·潘恩CommonSense常识WilliamHillBrown威廉·希尔·布朗ThePowerofSympathy同情的力量（第一部美国小说）PhilipFreneau菲利浦·弗瑞诺--“FatherofAmericanPoetry”TheWildHoneySuckle野忍冬花III.RomanticPeriod(1800-1865)Backgr