_rhythms sleep and dreaming昼夜节律睡眠和做梦课件

《_rhythms sleep and dreaming昼夜节律睡眠和做梦课件》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

1、BiologicalRhythmsWhatareBodyRhythms?Bodyrhythmsarebiologicalprocessesthatshowcyclicalvariationovertime…rangingfromhourstoyearsandreflecttheinfluenceoftheearthsrotationuponus…it'slivinginhabitants,alongwithplantsandanimals.Therearethreerhythmsthatwewillfocusourattentionuponthroughoutthismodule.Circ

2、adianInfradian,andultradianbiologicalrhythms.BodyRhythms(cont’d)…Circadianrhythms:(circa=approxanddiem=day)goover24hrs.Humansdemonstrateaseriesofchangesincludingtemperatureheartrespirationandmetabolismoverthisperiod.We(psychologists)aremostinterestedinthesleep-wakecycle.Ultradianrhythms:(Meaningle

3、ssthanoneday)Sleepisagoodexampleofanultradianrhythm,asyousleepyoupassthroughdifferingstagesofsleep(e.g.lightanddeepsleeplastingabout90minutes.)BodyRhythms(cont’d)…Infradianrhythm:(meaningmorethan1day).Anexampleofainfradianrhythmwouldbeawoman'smenstrualcyclewhichlastsfor28days.Acircannialcycleoccur

4、syearly/annually.Anexampleofthiswouldbenonhumananimalshibernationandwakingpatterns.ResearchStudiesintoCircadianRhythms.Ifbodilyrhythmsshowasimilardailypatternforpeoplewithdifferentlifestylesitwouldseemtheserhythmsare‘partofournature’andnotour‘upbringingornurture’So..thenextquestionwouldbeiswhether

5、theyarenaturalandtriggeredinternallyorwhethertheyrelyuponexternalcuesintheenvironment.ResearchStudiesintoCircadianRhythms.Siffre(1975)Spent6monthsinsideacaveandfoundthathisnaturalCircadianrhythmwasjustover24hr,butwouldsometimeschangeto48hr.Therewerenozeitgeberssuchasnaturallightorsounds.Hehadnoide

6、awhattimeitwas,althoughhedidhavecontactwithoutsideworldviatelephone.Hehadfoodanddrinkandsoon.Hisbehavioursuchaswhenheslept/wokeandwhenheatehismealswasmonitored.Fromthisstudyitwasconcludedourinternalclockmusthavea25-hrcycleandthatourzeitgebersmustresettheclocktoourusual24-hrday.ResearchStudiesintoC

7、ircadianRhythms…Anotherwaytotestcircadianrhythmsistoalterourenvironmentalcues.Folkard(1985)12participantslivedin‘temporalisolation’for3weeks…isolatedfromnaturallightandothertimecues.Theyagreedtogotobedat11.45pman