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1、Pygmalion小说简介名称来源应用领域皮革马利翁效应（PygmalionEffect）PygmalioneffectThePygmalioneffect,orRosenthaleffect,referstothephenomenoninwhichthegreatertheexpectationplaceduponpeople,oftenchildrenorstudentsandemployees,thebettertheyperform.TheeffectisnamedafterPygmalion
2、,aCypriotinanarrativebyOvidinGreekmythology,whofellinlovewithafemalestatuehehadcarvedoutofivory.ThePygmalioneffectisaformofself-fulfillingprophecy,and,inthisrespect,peoplewillinternalizetheirnegativelabel,andthosewithpositivelabelssucceedaccordingly.Wit
3、hinsociology,theeffectisoftencited（[sait]vt.1． 引用,举例2． 表彰,嘉奖3． 传唤,传讯 ）withregardtoeducationandsocialclass.皮格马利翁效应在学校教育中表现得非常明显。受老师喜爱或关注的学生，一段时间内学习成绩或其他方面都有很大进步，而受老师漠视甚至是歧视的学生就有可能从此一蹶不振。一些优秀的老师也在不知不觉中运用期待效应来帮助后进学生。在企业管理方面，一些精明的管理者也十分注重利用皮格马利翁效应来激发员工的斗
4、志，从而创造出惊人的效益。在现代企业里，皮格马利翁效应不仅传达了管理者对员工的信任度和期望值，还更加适用于团队精神的培养。即使是在强者生存的竞争性工作团队里，许多员工虽然已习惯于单兵突进，我们仍能够发现皮格马利翁效应是其中最有效的灵丹妙药。AteamdoesaswellasyouandtheteamthinktheycanAteamdoesaswellasyouandtheteamthinktheycan.Thisideaisknownas"theself-fulfillingprophecy".Wh
5、enyoubelievetheteamwillperformwell,insomestrange,magicalwaytheydo.Andsimilarly,whenyoubelievetheywon'tperformwell,theydon't.Thereisenoughexperimentaldatatosuggestthattheself-fulfillingprophecyistrue.Oneunusualexperimentin1911concernedaverycleverhorsecal
6、ledHans.Thishorsehadthereputationforbeingabletoadd,multiply,subtract,anddividebytappingouttheanswerwithitshooves.Theextraordinarythingwasthatitcoulddothiswithoutitstrainerbeingpresent.Itonlyneededsomeonetoputthequestions.ThestorywasalsothebasisofGeorgeB
7、ernardShaw'splay"Pygmalion",laterturnedintothemusical"MyFairLady".InShaw'splay,ProfessorHenryHigginsclaimshecantakeaCockneyflowergirl,ElizaDoolittle,andturnherintoaduchess.But,asElizaherselfpointsouttoHiggins'friendPickering,itisn'twhatshelearnsordoesth
8、atdetermineswhethershewillbecomeaduchess,buthowshe'streated."Yousee,reallyandtruly,apartfromthethingsanyonecanpickup(thedressingandtheproperwayofspeakingandsoon),thedifferencebetweenaladyandaflowergirlisnothowshebehavesbuthowshe'
