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1、Unit2HowtoBeaGoodGraduateStudentMaríeDejardíns[1]Whygotograduateschoolatall?TheusualreasonsgivenarethataPh.D.isrequiredorpreferredforsomejobs,especiallyresearchandacademicpositions;thatitgivesyouachancetolearnagreatdealaboutaspecificarea;andthatitprovidesanopportunitytodevelopid
2、easandperformoriginalresearch.Wantingtodelayyourjobhuntisprobablynotagoodenoughreason.Graduateschoolisalotofworkandrequiresstrongmotivationandfocus.Youhavetoreallywanttobetheretomakeitthrough.[2]Ithelpstohaveagoodideaofwhatareayouwanttospecializein,andpreferablyacoupleofparticul
3、arresearchprojectsyoumightliketoworkon.Lookforbooksandcurrentjournalsandconferenceproceedingsinyourarea,andreadthroughthemtogetanideaofwho'sdoingwhatwhere.(You'llbedoinga*lot*ofreadingonceyoustartgraduateschool,soyoumightaswellgetusedtoit.)Thisiswhereadvisorsfirstenterthescene:f
4、acultymembersoughttobewillingtotalktoundergraduatesandhelpthemfindoutmoreaboutresearchareasandgraduateschools.Trytogetinvolvedinresearch:askprofessorsandTAswhethertheyneedsomeonetoworkonanongoingproject,orstartanindependentresearchproject,withguidancefromafacultymember.[3]Forman
5、ynewgraduatestudents,graduateschoolisunlikeanythingelsethey'vedone.Sometimesit'shardtoknowexactlywhatitisyou'resupposedtobelearning.Yes,youhavetocompleteadissertation,buthowdoyoustart?Whatshouldyouspendyourtimedoing?[4]Graduateschoolisaveryunstructuredenvironmentinmostcases.Grad
6、uatestudentstypicallytakeninehoursorlessofcourseworkpersemester,especiallyafterthesecondyear.Formany,thethirdyear--aftercourseworkislargelyfinishedandpreliminaryexamshavebeencompleted--isaverydifficultandstressfulperiod.Thisiswhenyou'resupposedtofindathesistopic,ifyou'renotoneof
7、theluckyfewwhohasalreadyfoundone.Onceyoudofindatopic,youcanexpecttwoormoreyearsuntilcompletion,withveryfewlandmarksormilestonesinsight.[5]Beingagoodresearcherinvolvesmorethan``merely''comingupwithbrilliantideasandimplementingthem.Mostresearchersspendthemajorityoftheirtimereading
8、papers,discussingideaswithcolleagues,writingand
