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ID:19849933
大小:1.92 MB
页数:46页
时间:2018-10-07
《医学课件disorders of lipid 》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、DISORDERSOFLIPIDMETABOLISMDepartmentofLaboratoryMedicineWestChinaMedicalSchoolSichuanUniversity一、PlasmaLipoprotein二、DisordersofLipoproteinMetabolism三、AnalysisAssay四、Caseanalysis一、PlasmaLipoprotein分类(classification)根据化学结构将血浆脂肪分为胆固醇(cholesterol),甘油三酯
2、(triglyceride),磷脂(phospholipid)和游离脂肪酸(freelipid)。脂肪在血浆中以脂蛋白型式存在,所以高脂血症一定是高脂蛋白血症(hyperlipoproteinemia)。分类(classification)根据化学结构,脂蛋白电泳或超速离心对血浆脂蛋白进行分类。主要的脂蛋白有高密度脂蛋白(HDL),低密度脂蛋白(LDL),极低密度脂蛋白(VLDL)和乳糜微粒(CM)。血浆脂蛋白分析可有助于明确病因。超速离心CMVLDLLDLHDL电泳CM前β-LPβ-LPα-
3、LP胆固醇主要存在于HDL和LDL中,而甘油三酯主要存在于VLDL和乳糜微粒中。不同的基因缺陷可能产生同样的脂蛋白异常,只有通过广泛的家族分析予以鉴别。ThefourmainlipoproteinsandtheirfunctionsLiporoteinMainapoliporoteinsFunctionCMB48,A-I,C-II,ELargestlipoprotein.Synthesizedbygutafterameal.Notpresentinnormalfastingplasma.Mai
4、ncarrierofdietarytriglycerideVLDLB100,C-II,ESynthesizedintheliver.MaincarrierofendogenouslyproducedtriglycerideLDLB100GeneratedfromVLDLinthecirculationMaincarrierofcholesterolHDLA-I,A-IISmallestbutmostabundant.Protectivefunction.Takescholesterolfrome
5、xtrahepatictissuestotheliverforexcretion脂蛋白代谢(Lipoproteinmetabolism)脂蛋白的代谢是以肝脏为中心通过两个循环进行内源性外源性(endogenous)(exogenous)两个关键酶:脂蛋白脂酶(Lipoproteinlipase,LPL):从CM和VLDL中解离出脂肪酸和甘油至组织卵磷脂胆固醇酰基转移酶(Lecithincholesterolacyltransferase,LCAT):使游离胆固醇和脂肪酸形成胆固醇酯LDLRece
6、ptorPathwayLDL受体途径主要功能:通过摄取胆固醇进入细胞内,用于细胞增殖和类固醇激素及胆汁酸盐的合成等。LipoproteinMetabolism(summary)LipoproteinarecomplexesoflipidandproteinswhichfacilitatelipidtransportTheirmetabolismcanbethoughtofastwointerconnectedcyclescenteredontheliverLipoproteinsaredefin
7、edbytheirdensityanddifferincomposition,structureandfunctionApolipoproteinshaveafunctionalaswellasstructuralimportanceCholesterolcanonlybeexcretedfromthebodybywayoftheliver.二、DisordersofLipoproteinMetabolismLipoproteindisordersaresomeofthecommonestme
8、tabolicdiseasesseeninclinicalpractice.Theymaypresentwiththeirvarioussequelaewhichinclude:coronaryheartdisease,CHDacutepancreatitisfailuretothriveandweaknesscataractsClassificationGenaticPathogenyPrimary--whenthedisorderisnotduetoanidentifiableunderly
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