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1、WELCOMETOPHARMACOLOGYPHARMACOLOGY药理学张岫美ZhangXiu-mei山东大学医学院药理学研究所教学八楼8325Tel:83146Email:zhangxm@sdu.edu.cnCHAPTER1INTRODUCTION1.TheNatureandDutiesofPharmacologyPharmacology(药理学)Tostudytheprinciplesofinteractionsbetweendrugandlivingsystemwhichincludeshumanbody,tumorcellsandmicroorganismsan
2、ditsmechanisms.Drug(药物,medicine,pharmakon,remedy,materiamedica)Chemicalsubstances(exogenousorendogenoussubstancese.g.,syntheticdrugs,hormones,antibiotics,peptides,andDNAfragmentsetc.)usedtotreat,preventanddiagnosisdiseases.Evenincludingfamilyplanningchemicalsandratpoisons.Poison(毒物)Chemi
3、calsubstancestoharmorinjurehumanhealthinsmalldose.Sometimespoisoncanbeusedasadruginsuitabledose,suchastoxinsfromplantoranimals(snakevenom).Drugmaybeapoisonwhenuseoverdoseorlongtermuse.Barbituratesusuallyassleepingdrug,whenuseoverdoseitmaycauseintoxication.PoisonSometimes,thedifferencesbet
4、weendrugandpoisonisdose.Thedosemakesthepoison.Ifsomethingisnotapoison,itisnotadrug.SourcesofdrugsPlant-alkaloids,glycosideAnimal–insulinMicroorganisms–antibioticsSyntheticchemicalsGeneticengineeringdrugsPreparations(制剂)TheMainPartsofPharmacologya.Pharmacodynamics(药物效应动力学,药效学)Drug≒Bodyb.
5、Pharmacokinetics(药物代谢动力学,药动学)Pharmacodynamics药效动力学Toexplainthebiochemicalorphysicalactionsofdrugsonthebody.Includeaction,mechanisms,indications,adversereactions,contraindicationsofthedrug.Pharmacokinetics药代动力学Torevealtheprinciplesofdynamicchangesofdruginthebody.Whatdrugsdoonthebody.ThePro
6、cessesofDrugintheBodyfreecirculaBounddrugFreemetabolitesreceptorBFtissueboundexcretabsorpmetaboliPharmacokinetics药代动力学Mainlydealingwiththechangeofdrugconcentrationinthehumanoranimalbodyfollowingadministration,i.e.,thechangesofconcentrationinthedynamicsystemofliberation,absorption,distribu
7、tion,metabolismandexcretion(ADME).TheDutiesofPharmacologya.Toexplaintheactionanditsmechanismsofthedrug,toprovidethetheoreticalbasisforclinic,enhancingthedrugefficacyandreducingadversedrugreaction.b.Todevelopnewdrugandnewindicationsofdrug.c.Toexplorethepathwayofphysi