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1、Effectiveness-BasedGuidelinesforthePreventionofCardiovascularDiseaseinWomen—2011UpdateAGuidelineFromtheAmericanHeartAssociationContentsBackground123PharmacotherapyLifestyleInterventionsSubstantialprogresshasbeenmadeintheawareness,treatment,andpreventiono
2、fcardiovasculardisease(CVD)inwomensincethefirstwomen-specificclinicalrecommendationsforthepreventionofCVDwerepublishedbytheAmericanHeartAssociation(AHA)in1999.BackgroundMoscaL,GrundySM,JudelsonD,etal.Guidetopreventivecardiologyforwomen:AHA/ACCScientificSt
3、atementConsensuspanelstatement.Circulation.1999;99:2480–4.Themyththatheartdiseaseisa“man’sdisease”hasbeendebunked,therateofpublicawarenessofCVDastheleadingcauseofdeathamongUSwomenhasincreasedfrom30%in1997to54%in2009.MoscaL,Mochari-GreenbergerH,DolorRJ,Ne
4、wbyLK,RobbKJ.Twelve-yearfollow-upofAmericanwomen’sawarenessofcardiovasculardiseaseriskandbarrierstohearthealth.CircCardiovascQualOutcomes.2010;3:120–7.Theage-adjusteddeathrateresultingfromcoronaryheartdisease(CHD)infemales,whichaccountsforabouthalfofallC
5、VDdeathsinwomen,was95.7per100000femalesin2007,athirdofwhatitwasin1980.XuJQ,KochanekKD,MurphySL,B.T-V.Deaths:FinalDatafor2007:NationalVitalStatisticsReports.Hyattsville,MD:NationalCenterforHealthStatistics;2010.FordES,AjaniUA,CroftJB,etal.Explainingthedec
6、reaseinU.S.deathsfromcoronarydisease,1980–2000.NEnglJMed.2007;356:2388–98.Approximately50%ofthisdeclineinCHDdeathshasbeenattributedtoreducingmajorriskfactorsandtheotherhalftotreatmentofCHDincludingsecondarypreventivetherapies.Hypertensionisrecognizedason
7、eofthemainfactorsforCVD.AdversetrendsinCVDriskfactorsamongwomenareanongoingconcern.After65yearsofage,ahigherpercentageofwomenthanmenhavehypertension,andthegapwilllikelyincreasewiththecontinuedagingofthefemalepopulation.RogerVL,GoAS,Lloyd-JonesDM,etal.,on
8、behalfoftheAmericanHeartAssociationStatisticsCommitteeandStrokeStatisticsSubcommittee.Heartdiseaseandstrokestatistics—2011update:areportfromtheAmericanHeartAssociation[publishedcorrectionappearsinCirculation.2011;123:e240]
