考研英语：翻译真题精讲(3)

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1、凯程考研，为学员服务，为学生引路！考研英语：翻译真题精讲（3）　一、全真试题　　Doanimalshaverights?Thisishowthequestionisusuallyput.Itsoundslikeauseful，ground-clearingwaytostart.（71）Actually，itisn’t，becauseitassumesthatthereisanagreedaccountofhumanrights，whichissomethingtheworlddoesnothave.　　Ononeviewofrights，tobesure，itnecessa

2、rilyfollowsthatanimalshavenone.72）Somephilosophersarguethatrightsexistonlywithinasocialcontract，aspartofanexchangeofdutiesandentitlements.Therefore，animalscannothaverights.Theideaofpunishingatigerthatkillssomebodyisabsurd，forexactlythesamereason，soistheideathattigershaverights.However，this

3、isonlyoneaccount，andbynomeansanuncontestedone.Itdeniesrightsnotonlytoanimalsbutalsotosomepeople—forinstance，toinfants，thementallyincapableandfuturegenerations.Inaddition，itisunclearwhatforceacontractcanhaveforpeoplewhoneverconsentedtoit:howdoyoureplytosomebodywhosays“Idon’tlikethiscontract

4、?”　　Thepointisthis:withoutagreementontherightsofpeople,arguingabouttherightsofanimalsisfruitless.（73）Itleadsthediscussiontoextremesattheoutset:itinvitesyoutothinkthatanimalsshouldbetreatedeitherwiththeconsiderationhumansextendtootherhumans，orwithnoconsiderationatall.Thisisafalsechoice.Bett

5、ertostartwithanother，morefundamentalquestion:isthewaywetreatanimalsamoralissueatall?　　Manydenyit.（74）Arguingfromtheviewthathumansaredifferentfromanimalsineveryrelevantrespect，extremistsofthiskindthinkthatanimalslieoutsidetheareaofmoralchoice.Anyregardforthesufferingofanimalsisseenasamistak

6、e—asentimentaldisplacementoffeelingthatshouldproperlybedirectedtootherhumans.　　Thisview，whichholdsthattorturingamonkeyismorallyequivalenttochoppingwood,mayseembravely“logical”.Infactitissimplyshallow:theethicalequivalentoflearningtocrawl—istoweighothersinterestsagainstone’sown.Thisinturnre

7、quiressympathyandimagination:withoutwhichthereisnocapacityformoralthought.Toseeananimalinpainisenough,formost,toengagesympathy.（75）Whenthathappens,itisnotamistake:itismankind’sinstinctformoralreasoninginaction,aninstinctthatshouldbeencouragedratherthanlaugheda