边坡稳定经典英文教材及翻译之原文

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1、CHAPTER9StabilityofSlopes9.1IntroductionGravitationalandseepageforcestendtocauseinstabilityinnaturalslopes,inslopesformedbyexcavationandintheslopesofembankmentsandearthdams.ThemostimportanttypesofslopefailureareillustratedinFig.9.1.Inrotationalslipsthe

2、shapeofthefailuresurfaceinsectionmaybeacirculararcoranon-circularcurve．Ingeneral，circularslipsareassociatedwithhomogeneoussoilconditionsandnon-circularslipswithnon-homogeneousconditions．Translationalandcompoundslipsoccurwheretheformofthefailuresurfacei

3、sinfluencedbythepresenceofanadjacentstratumofsignificantlydifferentstrength．Translationalslipstendtooccurwheretheadjacentstratumisatarelativelyshallowdepthbelowthesurfaceoftheslope:thefailuresurfacetendstobeplaneandroughlyparalleltotheslope.Compoundsli

4、psusuallyoccurwheretheadjacentstratumisatgreaterdepth，thefailuresurfaceconsistingofcurvedandplanesections．Inpractice,limitingequilibriummethodsareusedintheanalysisofslopestability.Itisconsideredthatfailureisonthepointofoccurringalonganassumedoraknownfa

5、iluresurface．Theshearstrengthrequiredtomaintainaconditionoflimitingequilibriumiscomparedwiththeavailableshearstrengthofthesoil，givingtheaveragefactorofsafetyalongthefailuresurface．Theproblemisconsideredintwodimensions，conditionsofplanestrainbeingassume

6、d．Ithasbeenshownthatatwo-dimensionalanalysisgivesaconservativeresultforafailureonathree-dimensional(dish-shaped)surface．9.2AnalysisfortheCaseofφu=0Thisanalysis,intermsoftotalstress，coversthecaseofafullysaturatedclayunderundrainedconditions,i.e.Fortheco

7、nditionimmediatelyafterconstruction．Onlymomentequilibriumisconsideredintheanalysis．Insection,-11-thepotentialfailuresurfaceisassumedtobeacirculararc.Atrialfailuresurface(centreO，radiusrandlengthLa)isshowninFig.9.2.Potentialinstabilityisduetothetotalwei

8、ghtofthesoilmass(WperunitLength)abovethefailuresurface．ForequilibriumtheshearstrengthwhichmustbemobilizedalongthefailuresurfaceisexpressedaswhereFisthefactorofsafetywithrespecttoshearstrength．EquatingmomentsaboutO：Therefore(9.1)Themomen