（关节学）中南大学ppt课件

《（关节学）中南大学ppt课件》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

1、ArthrologyXuegangLuoDepartmentofAnatomy&NeurobiologyXiangyaSchoolofMedicine,CSUPI.GeneralDescriptionArchimedessaid:GivemeaplacetostandandIwillmovetheearth.RF1.ClassificationofLeversinMovement1.Firstclass2.Secondclass3.ThirdclassAtlantooccipitalElbowAnkleArticulation（joints）S

2、ynarthrosis（immovablearticulation）直接连接（不动关节）Diarthrosis（movablearticulation）间接连接（可动关节）Fibrousjoints纤维连结Cartilaginousjoints软骨连结Osseousjoints骨性连结Synovialjoints滑膜关节2.ClassificationoftheJoint骨连结（关节）1.FibrousJointsBonesheldcloselytogetherbyfibrousconnectivetissueII.SynarthrosisIn

3、terosseousmembraneofleg2.CartilaginousJointsBonestightlyconnectedbyfibrocartilageorhyalinecartilageIntervertebraldiscPubicsymphysisEpiphysealplate3.OsseousjointsBonestightlyconnectedbybonytissueFibrousJointsCartilaginousJointsOsseousjointsIII.SynovialJointsSynovialcavitysepa

4、ratesarticulatingbonesFreelymoveable(diarthrosis)ArticularSurfaceArticularCapsuleArticularCavity1.EssentialStructure:1.1ArticularSurfaceArticularCartilagereducesfrictionabsorbsshockMale/FemaleAreadifference1.2ArticularCapsuleSurroundsjointTwolayers:FibrousmembraneSynovialmem

5、brane1.3ArticularCavityMagdeburgHemispheresSurroundedbysynovialmembraneandarticularcartilagePotentialspaceSynovialfluidfilledNegativetotheatmospherepressureExampleofSynovialJoint2.TheaccessorystructureLigamentsArticulardiscsorlabrumSynovialfold&bursaIntracapsularligamentswit

6、hincapsule2.1LigamentsExtracapsularligamentsoutsidejointcapsule2.2ArticulardiscsAttachedaroundedgestocapsuleMakethearticularsurfacesfittingwitheachotherDiminishtheshockofthejointProlapseddiscAnnulusfibrosusNucleuspulposusRootofspinalnerveSpinalcord2.3SynovialBursaBetweenskin

7、/boneortendon/boneorligament/boneFluid-filledsaclikeextensionsofthejointcavityReducefrictionbetweenmovingstructuresSaclikestructures3.ThemovementofsynovialjointsFlexion(屈):decreasingthejointangleExtension(伸):increasingtheangleAbduction(展):awayfrommedianplaneofthebodyAdductio

8、n(收):closetomedianplaneofthebodyRotation(旋转):turntheanteriorsurfacetoorfrom