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1、Unit9HolidaysandSpecialDaysUsefulInformationHolidaysarespecialtimesofrespitefromworkandotherroutines.Insomecases,theyarelegalholidayswhenstores,businessesandgovernmentofficesareofficiallyclosed.Inothercases,theyarecelebratedwithouttakingtimeofffromwork.Ho
2、lidaysareoftentimesforcelebration,revelry,eating,drinking,travel,andfamilygatherings,buttheymayalsobetimesofrestandreflection.Thecurrenttrendisawayfromrestandreflection.EvenMardiGras(大斋首日的前一天，直译为“油腻的星期二”),thedaybeforethetraditionallyreflectiveperiodofLent
3、(大斋期),hasturnedintoanentireweekofparties,parades,andmerry-makingforthosewhomaketheannualpilgrimagetoNewOrleans,forexample.Inmostculturestheschedulingofholidaysoriginallywasrelatedtotheseasons,thelunarcycle,andreligion.Christmas(December25)celebratesthebir
4、thofJesus,butitisnotactuallyknownwhenJesuswasborn.ThefirstRomanemperortoespouseChristianitydecidedtohaveChristmaswhenthedaysareshortesttobringaspiritofoptimismtothelongwintermonths.ItalsohelpedbringChristianitytothepagans,whowereaccustomedtohavingfestival
5、satthewintersolstice,encouragingwarmthandsunshinetoreturn.OvertheyearsChristmashascometosymbolizegoodwillandgenerosityforbothChristiansandnon-ChristiansthroughthepersonificationofSantaClaus,originallyaChristiansaint,knownasSt.Nicholas.NowadaysRudolphthere
6、d-nosedreindeerisalmostasimportantaglobalsymbolofChristmasasJesusorSantaandthecommercializationofChristmasforsomepeoplethreatenstoreplacegenerositywithgreed.FewpeoplerememberthattheoriginalChristmasgiftsweregivenwithgenerosityandhumilitybytheThreeWiseMen,
7、allpagans,toJesus,aJewishchildborninamanger(马槽).Alltheythinkofarethegiftstheywillgiveorreceive,andallthemoneytheyhavespent.OnereasonfortheincreasingpopularityofChristmasisitsproximitytoNewYear’sDay,permittingalongholidaytoevolveoutofboth.IntheU.S.theholid
8、ayhasturnedintoanextendedholidayseason,lastingfromThanksgivingDayinlateNovemberuntilNewYear’sDay,withaseeminglyendlessarrayofparties,dinners,concerts,parades,andvacationtrips.Theschoolsandcollegesareclosedfrommid-De
