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1、第十六套题PartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)Text107.6Formorethantwodecades,U.S.courtshavebeenlimitingaffirmative-actionprogramsinuniversitiesandotherareas.Thel
2、egalrationaleisthatracialpreferencesareunconstitutional,eventhoseintendedtocompensateforracismorintolerance.Formanycolleges,thismeansstudentscanbeadmittedonlyonmerit,notontheirraceorethnicity.IthasbeenadivisiveissueacrosstheU.S.,aseducatorsblametheprol
3、ongedreactiontoaffirmative-actionfordeclinesinminorityadmissions.Meanwhile,activistscontinuetobattleracepreferencesincourtsfromMichigantoNorthCarolina.Now,chiefexecutivesofabouttwodozencompanieshavedecidedtoplungeheadfirstintothispoliticallyunsettledde
4、bate.They,togetherwith36universitiesand7nonprofitableorganizations,formedaforumthatsetforthanactionplanessentiallydesignedtohelpcollegescircumventcourt-imposedrestrictionsonaffirmativeaction.TheCEOs’motive:“Ouraudienceisgrowingmorediverse,sothecommunit
5、iesweservebenefitifouremployeesareraciallyandethnicallydiverseaswell”,saysoneCEOofacompangthatownsninetelevisionstations.Amongthestepstheforumispushing:findingcreativeyetlegalwaystoboostminorityenrollmentthroughnewadmissionspolicies;promotingadmissions
6、decisionsthatlookatmorethantestscores;andencouraginguniversitiestostepuptheirminorityoutreachandfinancialaid.Andtocounteraccusationsbycriticstochallengethesetacticsincourt,thegroupsaysitwillgivelegalassistancetocollegessuedfortryingthem.“Diversitydimin
7、ishedbythecourtmustbemadeupforinotherlegitimate,legalways,”says,aforummember.Oneofthemorecontroversialmethodsadvocatedistheso-called10%rule.Theideaisforpublicuniversities—whicheducatethree-quartersofallU.S.undergraduates—toadmitstudentswhoareinthetop10
8、%oftheirhighschoolgraduatingclass.Doingsoallowscollegestotakeminoritieswhoexcelinaverageurbanschools,eveniftheywouldn’thavemadethecutunderthecurrentstatewiderankingmanyuniversitiesuse.［335words］1.U.S.courtrestrictionsonaffirmativeaction
