儿科营养infantile_diarrhea英文内容课件

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1、INFANTILEDIARRHEA1TreatmentTheprinciplesAdjustmentofthedietPreventionandimprovementofthedehydrationProperdrugstherapyIntensificationofthenursingPreventionofthecomplications2Treatment1.Thetherapyoftheacutediarrhea(1)Dietotherapy(2)Improvementofthedisturbanceofthefluids,electro

2、lyteandacid-basebalance3Treatment1)OralfluidinfusionOralrehydrationsalts,ORSComponentSod.Chloridi3.5gSod.Bicarbonate2.5gPatCitrate1.5gGlucose20.0gWater1000ml4TreatmentORSTonicity220mmol/L(2/3T)IndicationMilddehydration:50-80ml/kgModerateDehydration:80-100ml/kg5Treatment2)Veno

3、ustransfusionThequalityoffluidsIsotonicdehydration:1/2THypotonicdehydration:2/3THypertonicdehydration:1/3T8Treatment2)VenoustransfusionThetransfusionrateDilatationbloodcapacityphase20ml/kg(in30-60min)Supplyingthecumulativedosephase8-10ml/kg·h(in8-12h)Supplyingthemaintenancedo

4、sephase5ml/kg·h(in12-16h)9Treatment2)VenoustransfusionImprovementofacidosisAftertransfusion,somepatientswithacidosishadcorrectedSevereacidosis1.4%Sod.bicarbonate5%Sod.bicarbonate(ml)=(-BE)×0.5×WT(kg)Sod.bicarbonate(mmol)=(22—CO2cp)mmolx0.6xWT(kg)10Treatment2)Venoustransfusion

5、Improvementofthehypokalium10%KCLSolution3---6mmol.kg.d(10%kcl1—3ml.kg.d)Urinationin6hourConcentration:<0.3%Thelastedtimeoftransfusion:>6hour(Everyday)Intravenuosinjectionisinhibitabsolutely11Treatment2)VenoustransfusionSupplyingcalciumandmagnesium10%CalciiGluconas1-2ml/kgiv.d

6、rip25%Magnesiumsulfate0.1mg/kgi.m12TreatmentTheconclusionofthefirst-daytransfusionThefirstisfastandthenslowThefirstissoltandthenGlucoseGivepotassiumwhenyouseetheurinationCorrecttheacidosisifit’snecessary13TreatmentThesecond-dayandlatertransfusionPhysiologicalrequirement1/3-1/

7、5TContininglost1/2-1/3TImprovementofacidosisImprovementofhypokalium14Treatment(3)Drugtherapy1)ControlofinfectionMacopurulentbloodystoolPenicillinsSulfonamidesCephalosporinsMacrolides15TreatmentMacopurulentbloodystoolAminoglycosidesRifamycinsChloramyphenicolsVancomycinQuinlone

8、s16TreatmentControlofinfectionWaterystoolRivazoleMicrocologicalthera