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1、Erya1EryaEryaTraditionalChinese爾雅SimplifiedChinese尔雅TranscriptionsGan-Romanizationô-ngâMandarin-HanyuPinyinĚryǎ-Wade–GilesErh-yaMin-HokkienPOJNí-ngáCantonese(Yue)-Jyutpingji5ngaa5-YaleRomanizationyíhngáahTheEryaistheoldestsurvivingChinesedictionaryorChineseencyclopediaknown.BernhardKa
2、rlgren(1931:49)concludedthat"themajorpartofitsglossesmustreasonablydatefrom"the3rdcenturyBC.Chinesescholarsinterpretthefirsttitlecharacterer"(爾;"you,your;adverbialsuffix")asaphoneticloancharacterforthehomophonouser(邇;"near;close;approach"),andbelievethesecondya(雅;"proper;correct;refin
3、ed;elegant")referstowordsorlanguage.AccordingtoW.SouthCoblin(1993:94):"Theinterpretationofthetitleassomethinglike'approachingwhatiscorrect,proper,refined'isnowwidelyaccepted."Ithasbeentranslatedas"TheLiteraryExpositor,""TheReadyRectifier"(bothbyJamesLegge),and"ProgressTowardsCorrectne
4、ss"(A.vonRosthorn)."ApproachingElegance/Refinement,"AlexKolesnikov.Thebook'sauthorisunknown.AlthoughitistraditionallyattributedtotheDukeofZhou,Confucius,orhisdisciples,scholarshipsuggeststhatsomeonecompiledandediteddiverseglossesfromcommentariestopre-Qintexts,especiallytheShijing.TheE
5、ryawasconsideredtheauthoritativelexicographicguidetoChineseclassictextsduringtheHanDynasty,anditwasofficiallycategorisedasoneoftheThirteenConfucianClassicsduringtheSongDynasty.Thebest-knowntextualannotationsincludetheWesternJinDynastyEryazhu(爾雅注;"EryaCommentary")byGuoPu(郭璞;276-324CE),
6、theNorthernSongDynastyEryashu(爾雅疏;"EryaSubcommentary")byXingBing(邢昺;931-1010),theSongDynastyEryayi(爾雅翼;"WingstotheErya")byLuoYuan(羅願;1136–1184),andtheQingDynastyEryazhengyi(爾雅正義;"CorrectMeaningsoftheErya")byShaoJinhan(邵晋涵;1743–1796)andEryayishu(爾雅義疏"SubcommentaryonMeaningsoftheErya")b
7、yHaoYixing(郝懿行;1757–1825).TheEryahasbeendescribedasadictionary,glossary,synonymicon,thesaurus,andencyclopaedia.Karlgren(1931:46)explainsthatthebook"isnotadictionaryinabstracto,itisacollectionofdirectglossestoconcretepassagesinancienttexts."Thereceivedtextcontains2094entries,coveringab
8、out43
