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1、初三宾语从句专项练习宾语从句专项复习复习内容:宾语从句考点归纳复习目标:1.掌握引导宾语从句的各种连词2.掌握宾语从句的语序──主句+连接词+主语+谓语3.掌握宾语从句,主句与从句在时态上的呼应。重点:语序和时态呼应难点:语序和时态呼应;与疑问词+不定式的转化;与状语从句的辨析考点梳理:一、宾语从句的连接词1.连词that,只起连接作用,在从句中不作句子成分,也无词汇意义,在口语中常被省略。eg.Heknew(that)heshouldworkhard.语法点:由that引导的宾语从句词汇:say,think,tell,that句型:…says/said/thinks/though
2、t/tells/told…(that)…S1:Mymothertellsme(that)nothingistoodifficultifIputmyheartintoit.S2:Ourteacheroftentells(that)weshouldmakethebestuseoftime.S3:…2.连词if、whether,它们起连接作用,在从句中不作句子成分,作“是否”解,在口语中多用if。eg.Tomdon'tknowif/whetherhisgrandpalikedthepresent.HeaskedmewhetherornotIwascoming.一般情况下,if和wheth
3、er可以互换,但以下3种情况只能用whether:①在不定式前:Whethertogothereornothasn'tbeendecided.②在介词前:Itdependson(依靠)whetheritisgoingtorain.③与ornot连用:Theyaretalkingaboutwhethertogothereornot.语法点:由if或whether引导的宾语从句词汇:if,whether,ask,wonder,know,…句型:…asks/asked/wonders/wondered/wantstoknow/wantedtoknowif/whether…前后桌同学之间开
4、展采访活动,然后同桌交流采访结果。如:—Whodidyouinterview?—IinterviewedBill.—Whatdidyouaskhim?—Iaskedhimifhealwaysobeyedtheschoolrules.—…3.连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,连接副词when,where,why,how,它们起连接作用,作句子成分,各有自己的意义。eg.Theteacheraskedthenewstudentswhichclasshewasin.Iwonderwherehegotsomuchmoney.【注意】1.由连接代、副词引导的宾语从句
5、可以和“疑问词+不定式”结构转化。eg.Idon'tknowhowIshoulddowiththepresents.==>Idon'tknowhowtodowiththepresents.2.要注意区分判断由if、when引导的从句类型.二、宾语从句的语序宾语从句的语序是陈述语序,即“连接词+主语+谓语+其它成分”。特别强调:它的主语和谓语的语序是陈述语序,而不是疑问句的倒装结构。Canyoutellmewho(m)dowehavetosee?(╳)Canyoutellmewho(m)wehavetosee?(√)Theteacheraskedthestudentswhatthey
6、weredoing.(思考:what在从句中的成分)陈述句变为宾语从句时,要注意人称和时态的变化,语序不变。eg.Shesaid,“Iwillleaveamessageonthedesk.”→Shesaidshewouldleaveamessageonthedesk.一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时,也要注意人称和时态的变化,后面接陈述语序。Eg.“Wherearethetickets?”Iaskedhim.→Iaskedhimwheretheticketsare.三、宾语从句的时态呼应宾语从句中谓语动词的时态,常常受到主句谓语时态的制约,此为时态呼应。如果主句谓语是一般现在时
7、或将来时,从句谓语的时态不受限制;如果主句谓语的时态是一般过去时,从句一般要随着改为相应的过去时态(一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时)。eg.Ithought(that)youarefreetoday.(╳)Ithought(that)youwouldbefreetoday.(√)【注意】当宾语从句叙述的是客观真理时,不管主句谓语的时态如何,从句都用一般现在时。eg.Theteachertoldus(that)theearthmovesaroundthe