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1、ChallengeCandhangeByGeorgeL.MehaffyarlyonemorninginApril1860,aridercarryingapreciouscargoofmailspurredhishorseandgallopedoutofthestablesatSt.Joseph,Missouri.Hewouldrideforabout100miles,changinghorsesevery10miles,beforerelinquishingthemailsacktothenextrider.Thatrideb
2、eganthefamousPonyExpress,whichcar-EriedmailfromMissouritoSacramento,California.TocreatethePonyExpress,thebusinessownershiredstationmastersandriders,purchasedanddistributedsupplies,andbuiltstationswithstablesacross1,900milesofthedauntinglandscapeoftheAmericanWest.The
3、PonyExpresswasaninstantsuccess,reducingdeliverytimeforlettersfrom22to10days.Yetjustnineteenmonthslater,inOctober1861,thecompanywasbank-rupt,replacedbythetranscontinentaltelegraph.ThePonyExpress,acolorfulandfamousservicethatiswellknownevennow,150yearslater,becamethev
4、ictimoftechnologicalchange.Today,wewoulddescribewhathappenedtothePonyExpresstheresultofdisruptiveinnovation,atermpopularizedbyClaytonChristensen,whohasstudiedindustriestransformedbytechnology.September/OctOber2012educauSereview25SouthChinaNormalUniversity(202.116.41
5、.69)-2016/1/28DownloadChallengeandChangeOfcoursewedon‘thavetogobackdistinctive,andfartoomanyhavetakenlevels,itclaims,areatatippingpoint,150yearstofindexamplesofdisruptiveonmorerolesthantheycansupport.withparentsandstudentsunwillingtoinnovationcausedbytechnology.Espe
6、-ChristensenandEyringconcludethatpaymore.Moody’sanalystsnotethattociallyinthepasttwentyyears,varioushighereducationhascreatedconfused,remainviable,highereducationinstitu-industrieshavebeenforeveralteredbymultiple-purposemissionsandunsus-tionswillhavetointroduceinnov
7、ations,technology:newspapers,bookpublish-tainableinstitutionsand,asaresult,isincluding“collaborationsbetweencol-ing,thephotographybusiness,andvulnerabletodisruption.2leges,morecentralizedmanagement,manymore.Highereducationtoofacesmoreefficientuseoffacilities,areduc-
8、unprecedentedchallengesprimarilyFundingModeltioninthenumberoftenuredfacultydrivenbyrapidchangesintechnology.ToForpublichighereducation,the
