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1、DragonBoneHill:AnIce-AgeSagaofHomoerectusNOELT.BOAZRUSSELLL.CIOCHONOXFORDUNIVERSITYPRESSDRAGONBONEHILLThispageintentionallyleftblankDRAGONBONEHILLAnIce-AgeSagaofHomoerectusNOELT.BOAZRUSSELLL.CIOCHON2004OxfordNewYorkAucklandBangkokBuenosAiresCapeTownChennaiDaresSalaamD
2、elhiHongKongIstanbulKarachiKolkataKualaLumpurMadridMelbourneMexicoCityMumbaiNairobiSãoPauloShanghaiTaipeiTokyoTorontoCopyright©2004byOxfordUniversityPressPublishedbyOxfordUniversityPress,Inc.198MadisonAvenue,NewYork,NewYork10016www.oup.comOxfordisaregisteredtrademarko
3、fOxfordUniversityPressAllrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical,photocopying,recording,orotherwise,withoutthepriorpermissionofOxfordUniversityPress.LibraryofCongressCatal
4、oging-in-PublicationDataBoaz,NoelThomas.DragonBoneHill:anIce-AgesagaofHomoerectus/NoelT.Boaz,RussellL.Ciochon.p.cm.Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.ISBN0-19-515291-31.Pekingman.2.Excavations(Archaeology)—China—Zhoukoudian.3.Zhoukoudian(China)—Antiquities.I.Ci
5、ochon,RussellL.II.Title.GN284.7.B632004569.9—dc212003012339135798642PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmericaonacid-freepaperToLanpoJia(1908–2001)ChinesepaleoanthropologistanddiscovererofSkullsX,XI,andXII.HisdedicationtoDragonBoneHillsavedthesite’sexcavationdataduringWorldWar
6、II,andhisregretwasthathecouldnotdothesameforthelostPekingManfossils.HisashesareburiedatZhoukoudian.ThispageintentionallyleftblankContentsPrefaceixListofIllustrationsxiiiCHAPTER1TheBonesofDragonHill1CHAPTER2TheDragonReclaimsItsOwn33CHAPTER3GiantsandGenes:ChangingViewso
7、fPekingMan’sEvolutionarySignificance55CHAPTER4TheThirdFunction:AHypothesisontheMysteriousSkullofPekingMan74CHAPTER5TheAdaptiveBehavioroftheNot-Quite-Human90CHAPTER6TheTimesandClimesofHomoerectus108CHAPTER7TheNatureofHumannessatLonggushan:Brain,Language,Fire,andCanniba
8、lism124CHAPTER8AlphaandOmega:ResolvingtheUltimateQuestionsoftheBeginningsandEndingsofHomoerectus,theSpecies142CHAPTER9Testin