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GRE写作课件之写作结构1.分析题目：statement----hiddeninformation(分析题目)Q:keywords---brainstormCritical（分析需要批判）INTRODUCTION的写法·1.Hook/Background(attractive)HOOK的例子： 1.Quotation:TherenownedphysicistElbertEinsteinoncesaid:“imaginationismoreimportantthanknowledge.”Inregardstomypersonalunderstanding,itmanifeststhatimaginationsymbolizesfutureinnovation,andtheknowledgemerelyrepresentspresenthistoryandinformation.2.Riseupaquestion:rhetorical（设问句）模拟题：Aregruelingchallengesandfailuresourbestmentors?/回答：Overyears,awardwinningnovelssuchasHajin’sWaitingandAliceWalker’sColorPurplehaveinfluencedhundredsofthousandsofreaders;someofthemmaysaythatWaiting,theNationalBookPrizewinnerteachesthemnottotakeanyrelationshipforgranted,andtheyshouldshowgratitudetofamilymembersandspouses;Others,believethatThecolorPurplevividlyand“brutally”depictedthegruesomeanddarklivingconditionoftheblacksinearly20thcentury.Basedonallthepreciousandwonderfulmessagesandinformationonecanacquirefrom widerangesofnovels,oneheatedquestionhasbeenseriouslyraisedup:“canfictionalcharactersfromFantasiesandScienceFictionsteachreadersprofoundandvaluablelessonsandenlighten,aswellastackletheirproblemsindailylives?“（设问句）另一个例子：Isitalwaysbesttodetermineone'sownviewsofrightandwrong,orcanwebenefitfromfollowingthecrowd?1.Define:（定义法）目的是为了让题目中的抽象关键词在开头段就被解释，从而缩小文章的范畴，不写出简陋，主题巨大，没有细节和千百万同学已经写过的作文。常容易在GRE作文中出现需要被定义的单词SuccessGoalDecisionPolicy LawEqualityHUMANKIND1.Neverberedundant（写开头段HOOK及任意段落不应该使用过多的相同词汇和短语；关键词除外）2.Everyabstracttermorsentenceshouldalwaysbeexplained/illustrated无论是首段HOOK还是任意其他的段落，当出现任何抽象词时，需要用具象的句子和词汇去解释，不然是对你作文SPACE的浪费。3.HISTORY（使用历史类的HOOK开头）比如Inancienttimes。。。例子：Intoday’sfast-pacedworldwithfiercecompetitionanddramaticchange,thedefinitionoftheveryterm“success”isexponentially changedaswell;inthepast,manybelievedthatoneofSuccess’smostimportantcompanionswasperfectionism.Inotherwords,thereisonlyonestraightlinebetweensuccessandfailurewithoutanybalanceandcombination.Today,however,thedefinitionhasbeenmorepositivelyturnedinto:”authenticsuccessheavilyreliesonthecomplexityofeachindividual’sdiversegoalsandbackgrounds;mostimportantly,successislessdisconnectedtoperfectionism,butmoreattachedtooptimism.”另一个例子Sinceancienttimes,theconflictbetweenthepublicandindividualnationalleadershasrarelystopped.Oneofthemajorcausesoftheseconflictshasbeen,andstillis,attributedtopolicymaking.Shouldpoliticalleadersallowthepublic’svoicetotakethemajorpartofdeterminingthelaunchofanewlawandtheformationofadecisivepolicy?Orshouldtheypersonallybe100%committedtotheirownprinciplesandruleswithdetermination,withoutbeingaffectedbythemajority?Withsomanyexamplesthatcanbefoundfromhistory,itcanclearlybeseenthatbothsidesofthestatement’sargumentfailstosurviveindependently,duetoeachside’sinherentlyquixoticstateandutopianfeatures;onlywhentheyaremarriedharmoniouslycananationprogressbothstablyandsustainably.1.Statistic/data 在第一段及任何其他段落中，如果可以使用任何类型的数据和分析调查，会让考官认为学生拥有分析批判思维能力，作文也会更加的学术化。1.Summary,如果学生在阅读纽约时代等杂志报纸过程中，遇到了如丑闻（lanceArmstrong）等好的信息，一定要有专门的笔记本记录。遇到与此类信息相符的题目，可以将信息概括的写在第一段作为HOOK。2.使用暗喻和明喻（metaphorandsimile）暗喻：Chinesestudentsarecagedlions.However,…isametaphoricallyDouble-edgedsword.明喻：Sheworksashardasadog纽约时代第一征文奖用暗喻的例子：）（非常精彩）题目：BULLYTeenagegirlsarecruelsuper-humansfromadistantgalaxysentheretodestroyusall.Theyhavetheselfentitlementofacelebrity heiressandtheaggressionofaRomanGladiator.Likevampirestheyfeedoffthebloodoftheweak.They’repubescentmonsters.Adolescentboogeymen.Whilemyobservationsmaybecomingfromapointofbias,thatdoesn’tmeantheyarefaultyinaccuracy.Asateenagegirlmyself,IthinkIknowteenagegirlsquitewell.NotonlywasIaformerteenagemeangirl,butIwastortured,tormented,isolatedandsociallymaimedbythemaswell.Whentheyacquireatarget,teenagegirls,withthedeterminationofaprivateassassin,willstopatnothingtotakedowntheirtarget.They’rerelentless.They’recruel.Theirmethodsareinsane.Theyarenevertobeunderestimated.Inmiddleschool,Imadethemistakeofunderestimatingthepoweroftheseskinnyjeancladmonsters.IthoughtIwassafe,Ithoughtmyselfimpervioustotheircruelty.Iwatchedthemdoontoothersastheywouldlaterdoontome,andfeltnofear.Iwasafoolhowever,forteenagegirlspicktheirtargetsbyfamiliarity.Theyarelesslikelytotormentsomeonesmallandinsignificantandmorelikelytoviciouslyturnontheirfriends.Preferablytheweakestlinkintheirgroup,preywhoiseasyforthemtocatchandtakedown. Iwastheweakestlink.Iwasthewoundedgazelle.Andthus,Ibecametheirtarget.Itwaseeriebecause,whenmyeventualdemisebegan,Ihadnoideawhatwasgoingon.Yesitwasslightlyfishythattheyhadstoppedcallingme,stoppedsayinghitomeinthehallway,butIassumeditwasjustnothing.Again,Iwaswrong.Oncetheperiodofsilencecametoaclose,allhellbrokeloose.Viciousrumorsbeganspreadingaroundanddirtylooksandfoulwordswerethrownmywayinthehall.Iwasforcedoffthelunchtableandintosocialleprosy.Exactlyaweekafterphasetwo(socialalienation)hadbeganIreceivedanemailfromtheringleaderofthegroup.Iopenedituptorevealaheadlinethatbluntlystated,“FiftyReasonWhyWeCan’tBeFriendsWithYou.”Underneaththeheadline,aspromised,wereneatlyfiftyreasons,rangingfrommybodytomypersonalitytomyclothes,thatclearlystatedthereasonformyalienation.Ifeltsick.ButIwasn’tgoingtoletthemgetme.Thosehyenasdidn’tdeservemytears.Ideletedthenote,pickedupthepiecesandmovedon.Ifoundfriendswhowerekindandaccepting.Friends whowouldn’tdevourtheirown.Myexperience,whileevidentlynotideal,issomethingIwouldnotchange.Idon’tseeitasastainuponthefabricofmylife,butmorelikeanembellishment.AdecorativebroochIwearwithpride,abroochthatcries,Iovercamebullying,socanyou.2.HOOK写完以后需要Restatethequestion3.Thesis/position(中心论点)1.Overbroaden/restrict限制中心论点的广度和狭隘度）2.Goextreme（不要极端化）3.Onedirection（中心论点在多数情况下需要有一个立场）4.中心论点可以有一边倒，让步，中立和自然写法4种一边倒：(one-sided)例题：Dosuccessandhappinessdependonthechoicespeoplemakeratherthanonfactorsbeyondtheircontrol? Inthisessay,Iwillstronglyadvocatethat/assertthatpeople’scapabilityofmakingpragmaticandrationaldecisionsplaysthekeytoone’sauthenticsuccessandjoy.中立式的论点可以有多种写法1.A和B都不能单独生存，A+B才能获得利益最大化例子：Istronglydisagreewiththetopic’s“eitheror”andovergeneralizedstatement;instead,one’sdestinyisoftenstronglyaffectedbybothoftheirenvironment(circumstance)andthedecisiontheymake(choice)模板句精选：AandBarenotmutuallyexclusiveTheyareintenselyintertwined/interwoven/integrated/”glued”/infused/collaborated/Married2.中立第二种：A和B需要在不同情况下被不同分析：模板句精选：DifferentanalysisshouldbeconductedbasedondifferentcircumstancesDifferentsituationsshouldbebasedonacasebycaseanalysis. BODY(主体段)1.结构1.Supportingsentence(short/direct/abstract)2.Explain/analyses/clarify3.Details/summarize4.Explain/it/uniqueperspective2．例子来源：最好不要用：Personalexample/subjectivity需要：JournalHistoricalfigureHistoricaleventNonfiction/fiction例子：ThegreatGatsby1984 AnimalfarmTheroad（非常好的一本书，电影推荐，名字叫做末日危途）1.miniconclusion精选模板：fromtheexamplesabove,itisclearlynotified/displayed/shownthat…AandB
