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1、JournalofExperimentalChildPsychology129(2015)40–54ContentslistsavailableatScienceDirectJournalofExperimentalChildPsychologyTheshadowofthefuture:5-Year-olds,butnot3-year-olds,adjusttheirsharinginanticipationofreciprocationa,⇑bCarlaSebastián-Enesco,FelixWarnekenaGrupoU
2、CMdeEstudiodelComportamientoAnimalyHumano,FacultaddePsicología,UniversidadComplutensedeMadrid,28223Madrid,SpainbDepartmentofPsychology,HarvardUniversity,Cambridge,MA02138,USAarticleinfoabstractArticlehistory:CooperationcanbemaintainedifindividualsreciprocatefavorsRec
3、eived19May2014overrepeatedinteractions.However,itisnotknownwhenduringRevised17August2014developmentthepsychologicalcapacitiestoengageincontingentAvailableonline19September2014reciprocationemerge.Therefore,wetestedwhenchildrenbegintodifferentiatebetweenreciprocalandno
4、nreciprocalinteractionsKeywords:intheirresourcesharing.WecomparedthesharingbehaviorofReciprocity3-and5-year-oldsintwosituations.Inanexperimentalcondition,DelayofgratificationSharingthechildandapuppetpartneralternatedtherolesofdonorandAltruismrecipient.Inacontrolcondit
5、ion,thepuppethadnoopportunityCooperationtoreciprocate.Resultsshowedthat5-year-olds,butnot3-year-Prosocialdevelopmentolds,increasedtheirsharingtowardapotentialreciprocator.Inaddition,wefoundthatchildren’sabilitytodelaygratificationwaspositivelyrelatedtotheirtendencytos
6、hareinbothcondi-tions.Thesefindingsshowthatreciprocityinanticipationofrepeatedinteractionsemergesduringmiddlechildhood.Moreover,ourresultshighlighttheimportanceoftheabilitytodelaygratificationasaprerequisiteforchildren’ssharing.Wediscusshowchildren’semergingcognitiveab
7、ilitiesenablereciprocalsharinginsituationswhereachildmustreacttooranticipateapartner’sbehavior.⇑Correspondingauthor.Fax:+34913943189.E-mailaddress:carla.sebastian@gmail.com(C.Sebastián-Enesco).SouthChinaNormalUniversity(202.116.41.69)-2016/1/26DownloadC.Sebastián-Ene
8、sco,F.Warneken/JournalofExperimentalChildPsychology129(2015)40–5441IntroductionReciprocityprovidesapowerfulmechanismforsustainingco
