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ID:16966253
大小:32.41 KB
页数:4页
时间:2018-08-26
《新托福tpo11阅读原文及译文(一)》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在工程资料-天天文库。
1、www.ylongedu.com新托福TPO11阅读原文(一):AncientEgyptianSculptureTPO11-1:AncientEgyptianSculpture InordertounderstandancientEgyptianart,itisvitaltoknowasmuchaspossibleoftheeliteEgyptians'viewoftheworldandthefunctionsandcontextsoftheartproducedforthem.Withoutthisknowledgewecanappreciateonlytheformalcontent
2、ofEgyptianart,andwewillfailtounderstandwhyitwasproducedortheconceptsthatshapeditandcausedittoadoptitsdistinctiveforms.Infact,alackofunderstandingconcerningthepurposesofEgyptianarthasoftenledittobecomparedunfavorablywiththeartofothercultures:WhydidtheEgyptiansnotdevelopsculptureinwhichthebodyturned
3、andtwistedthroughspacelikeclassicalGreekstatuary?Whydotheartistsseemtogetleftandrightconfused?AndwhydidtheynotdiscoverthegeometricperspectiveasEuropeanartistsdidintheRenaissance?TheanswertosuchquestionshasnothingtodowithalackofskillorimaginationonthepartofEgyptianartistsandeverythingtodowiththepur
4、posesforwhichtheywereproducingtheirart. Themajorityofthree-dimensionalrepresentations,whetherstanding,seated,orkneeling,exhibitwhatiscalledfrontality:theyfacestraightahead,neithertwistingnorturning.Whensuchstatuesareviewedinisolation,outoftheiroriginalcontextandwithoutknowledgeoftheirfunction,iti
5、seasytocriticizethemfortheirrigidattitudesthatremainedunchangedforthreethousandyears.Frontalityis,however,directlyrelatedtothefunctionsofEgyptianstatuaryandthecontextsinwhichthestatuesweresetup.Statueswerecreatednotfortheirdecorativeeffectbuttoplayaprimaryroleinthecultsofthegods,theking,andthedead
6、.Theyweredesignedtobeputinplaceswherethesebeingscouldmanifestthemselvesinordertobetherecipientsofritualactions.Thusitmadesensetoshowthestatuelookingaheadatwhatwashappeninginfrontofit,sothatthelivingperformeroftheritualcouldinteractwiththedivineordeceasedrecipient.Veryoftensuchstatueswereenclosedin
7、rectangularshrinesorwallnicheswhoseonlyopeningwasatthefront,makingitforthequalityofreviewsandreview.Article26threview(a)theCCRAcompliance,whethercopiesofchecks;(B)whetherdoubleinvestigation;(C)submissionofprogram
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