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时间:2018-08-22
《庄河大骨鸡保种方案》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、庄河大骨鸡保种方案庄河市大骨鸡繁育中心二OO六年一月二十五日庄河市大骨鸡保种方案前言庄河大骨鸡在2000年9月被农业部确定为国家级畜禽资源保护品种之一。庄河大骨鸡主产于庄河市,因其体大魁伟,胸深背宽,腿高胫粗,骨骼粗壮,产百克以上大蛋屡见不鲜,故名大骨鸡。其形成历史悠久,是我国优良的肉蛋兼用型地方鸡种;是国内独具特色的家禽类种质资源,是我国优良的十大名种之一,经中国科学院遗传研究所对其血型测定和群体遗传学分析,认为:从血型因子群体遗传构成上看,与内蒙古边鸡等地方鸡种遗传关系较远,遗传相似性较小,看不
2、出它们之间存在的密切的亲缘关系。可见庄河大骨鸡是极具保种价值的家禽遗传基因资源;根据庄河鸡这一地方品种的优良特点和遗传特性,明确近期和中远期保种目标,制定具体的保种方案和切实可行的措施,有着十分重要的意义。摘要庄河大骨鸡形成历史悠久,体大、蛋大、肉质极佳,是国内独具特色的家禽类种质资源,已被农业部确定为国家级畜禽资源保护品种之一。大骨鸡成年公鸡最大体重达6.5千克;大蛋70-90克屡见不鲜,最大蛋重105.5克、105.2克;庄河鸡肉、脂肪含量低于肉鸡15.5%,蛋白质高10.3%,铁含量高64.6
3、%,锌、铜、锰高于肉鸡30%以上。依据庄河大骨鸡的血型和性状遗传特点,风土驯化和营养管理因素对其形成的影响,大骨鸡的保种重点是使其体大、蛋大、肉质极佳的遗传基因在种群延续,不使其流失;并通过选育而纯化。保种方法采用场、群结合,即大骨鸡繁育中心建三个品系,每品系由20个家系组成,继代个体无亲缘关系,避免近亲繁殖。根据地域不同,规划6个乡镇保种区,在规化保种区内尽量保存大骨鸡的遗传多样性,使其现存基因不流失。到2010年品系繁育鸡达到基因纯合,遗传稳定。有计划的在庄河本市区内,普及推广大骨鸡,使其产业化
4、生产,同时开发利用,创造经济效益。庄河市大骨鸡保种方案目录前言一、庄河大骨鸡的形成历史······················1二、庄河大骨鸡的分布···························2三、庄河大骨鸡保种与选育研究··················2四、庄河大骨鸡现在的特征、特性、特点··········3(一)体貌特征································3(二)生产特性································3(三)特点·
5、···································5五、庄河大骨鸡发展现状························7(一)庄河农村饲养大骨鸡情况··················7(二)保种场发展状况··························8六、庄河大骨鸡的保种··························10(一)理论依据································10(二)保种重点························
6、·······12(三)保种目标·······························12(四)保种方法·······························12(五)年度工作································15(六)保种选育程序····························16七、方案实施措施······························17(一)加强领导·······························17(二)
7、组建技术班子,落实保种选育方案···········17(三)加强保种设施的建设,提高开发研究的力度··············································18(四)做好宣传,使大骨鸡为知名品牌,更有利于保种开发············································19八、庄河大骨鸡开发利用前景··················20九、保护投资预算及资金来源··················20(一)项目实施内容·······
8、···················20(二)项目建设投资预算······················20(三)资金来源······························22十、效益分析································22(一)社会效益······························22(二)保种场经济效益························22一、庄河大骨鸡的形成历史经专家深入产区调查考证,早在
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