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1、新视野三版读写B2U7TextAWomanatthemanagementlevel1WhenMonicaappliedforajobasanadministrativeassistantin1971,shewasaskedwhethershewouldratherworkforamaleorafemaleattorney."Iimmediatelysaidaman,"shesays."Ifeltthatamale-boss/female-employeerelationshipwasmorenatura
2、l,needingnopersonalaccommodationwhatsoever."But20yearslater,whenshewasaskedthesamequestion,shesaid,"Iwaspleasantlysurprisedthatfemalebossesaremuchmoreaccessibletotheiremployees;they'remuchmoresensitiveandintimatewiththeiremployees."2Femalebossestodayarestilfindin
3、gtheyfacesubtleresistance.Thereisstilasegmentofthepopulation,bothmenand,surprisingly,womenwhoreportlowtoleranceforfemalebosses.Thegrowingpresenceoffemalebosseshasalsoprovokedtwomajorquestionsthatrevolvearoundstyles:Domenandwomenmanagedifferently,and,ifso,isthatag
4、oodthing?3Monicaisdisposedtothinkso,onbothcounts.Nowa40-year-oldmotheroffour,sheispresidentofapublicsectorlaborunionwith45,000members."Relationswithmyemployeesareprobablydifferentfromthoseofmalemanagersprecedingme,"shesays."Iknowwhatit'sliketohavetocalandsaymykid
5、gotthemumpssoIwon'tbecomingin.Ihaveamoreflexiblestyle—notsoft,justmoreunderstanding."ThemanwhoisMonica'sassistantagrees,"Shetendstodelegatemoreandisalwayslookingforaconsensus.Peoplearehappyandflourishbecausetheyhaveaninputintodecisionsandtheyarenotmerebystanders;
6、theirenergiesareharnessed.Ontheotherhand,consensustakeslonger."4So,arethedifferencessymbolicorreal?Plausiblestudiessuggestthatmenaretypicalyhierarchical,goal-orientedandfeelentitled.Women,bycontrast,managediplomaticaly,andsharepower.Thatpointofviewisoftenchalenge
7、dandargued.Someproclaimthatmenandwomenofsimilarbackgrounds,experienceandaspirationsbasicalymanageinthesameway.Thisviewisechoedbyyoungerwomen,especialythosewhohaveencounteredlittlegenderdiscrimination.ThatwascertainlythelessonforNicole.Whenherfatherdiedofaheartatt
8、ack,shewasanemployeeatapetroleumproductsexportcompany.Shequitandtookoverherfamily's160-acrefruitfarminSt.David'sCounty.Onherfirstdayinthefield,aworkercaledher"
