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1、基于刀具振动位移的动态铣削力测量方法*朱坚民,王健,张统超,李孝茹(上海理工大学机械工程学院上海200093)摘要:针对铣削加工中动态铣削力难于测量的问题,提出了一种通过测量铣刀振动位移来确定动态铣削力的方法。该方法首先通过激光测振仪测量铣削加工时铣刀刀杆的振动位移,然后根据测量系统的静态校准结果由该振动位移确定相应的铣削力。针对高速铣削时的铣削力测量失真问题,通过分析刀具系统的动态特性,确定测量系统的传递函数,并采用零极点配置的方法设计了动态补偿环节对测量系统进行动态补偿,以提高测量系统的带宽。在铣削加工中心上进行了铣削加工实验,将本文方法确定的铣削力与三维力传感
2、器测得的铣削力进行了对比。实验结果表明:本文测量方法能准确测量动态铣削力,测量系统的测量带宽可达1600Hz,且测量方法简单可靠,易于工程应用。关键词:激光测振仪;刀具振动位移;铣削力测量;动态补偿;失真测量中图分类号:TG54TH823文献标识码:A国家标准学科分类代码:460.35DynamicmillingforcemeasuringmethodbasedoncuttingtoolvibrationdisplacementZhuJianmin,WangJian,ZhangTongchao,LiXiaoru(SchoolofMechanicalEngineeri
3、ng,UniversityofShanghaiforScienceandTechnology,Shanghai200093,China)Abstract:Aimingattheproblemthatthedynamiccuttingforceinmillingprocessisdifficulttomeasure,amethodthatdeterminesthedynamicmillingforcethroughmeasuringthevibrationdisplacementofmillingcutterbarisputforward.Thismethodfirs
4、tlymeasuresthecutterbarvibrationdisplacementinmillingprocesswithalaserdopplervibrometer(LDV),andthendeterminesthecorrespondingmillingforcefromthevibrationdisplacementaccordingtothestaticcalibrationresultsofthemeasuringsystem.Aimingatthedistortionproblemofthemeasuredmillingforceinhigh-s
5、peedmillingprocess,thetransferfunctionofthemeasuringsystemisdeterminedthroughanalyzingthedynamiccharacteristicsofthecuttingtoolsystem;andadynamiccompensationlinkisdesignedadoptingthezeropoleassignmentmethodtocompensatethedynamiccharacteristicsofthemeasuringsysteminordertoimprovethemeas
6、uringbandwidth.Themillingexperimentswereconductedonamillingmachiningcenter;andcomparisonwasperformedbetweenthemillingforcesmeasuredwiththeproposedmethodandobtainedusingathree-dimensionalforcesensor.Experimentresultsshowthattheproposedmeasuringmethodcanmeasurethedynamicmillingforceaccur
7、ately,andthefrequencybandwidthcanreach1600Hz.Besides,themeasuringmethodissimple,reliableandeasytobeusedinengineeringapplication.Keywords:LDV;toolvibrationdisplacement;millingforcemeasurement;dynamiccompensation;distortionmeasurement量,该方法已广泛应用于数控机床切削力的测量。但对于旋转类刀具切削力的测量,该方法还存在着如下问题:受限于
