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页数:15页
时间:2018-08-08
《美国文化概况terms终极版》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、Chapter1–Introduction:1.ThomasJefferson:thethirdPresidentoftheUnitedStates,andtheprincipalauthoroftheDeclarationofIndependence(1776).AninfluentialFoundingFather,JeffersonenvisionedAmericaasagreat"EmpireofLiberty"thatwouldpromoterepublicanism.2.Boston
2、TeaParty:wasadirectactionbycolonistsinBostonagainsttheBritishgovernmentandthemonopolisticEastIndiaCompanythatcontrolledalltheteacomingintothecolonies.OnDecember16,1773,afterofficialsinBostonrefusedtoreturnthreeshiploadsoftaxedteatoBritain,agroupofcol
3、onistsboardedtheshipsanddestroyedtheteabythrowingitintoBostonHarbor.TheTeaPartywastheculminationofaresistancemovementthroughoutBritishAmericaagainsttheTeaAct,whichhadbeenpassedbytheBritishParliamentin1773.TheBostonTeaPartywasakeyeventinthegrowthofthe
4、AmericanRevolution.3.Slavery:wasaformofunfreelaborwhichexistedasalegalinstitutioninNorthAmericaformorethanacenturybeforethefoundingoftheUnitedStatesin1776,andcontinuedmostlyintheSouthuntilthepassageoftheThirteenthAmendmenttotheUnitedStatesConstitutio
5、nin1865.4.CivilWar:ElevenSouthernslavestatesdeclaredtheirsecessionfromtheUnitedStatesandformedtheConfederateStatesofAmerica,alsoknownas"theConfederacy".ThesouthernstatesfearedslaverywouldbeabolishedandtheenergyoftheNorthwouldthreatentheeconomicindepe
6、ndenceoftheSouth.Lincolntookthepositionthatsecessionwasillegalandarejectionofdemocracy.ThesecessionalsopromptedanoutburstofpatrioticindignationintheNorth.Thus,CivilWarwasfoughttopreservetheUnion.ThenorthernvictoryrestoredtheUnionandhelpedtoquickenAme
7、rica'stransformationintoamodernnation.5.AbrahamLincoln:wasthe16thPresidentoftheUnitedStates.Aspresident,heledthecountrythroughagreatconstitutional,militaryandmoralcrisis—theAmericanCivilWar—preservingtheUnionwhileendingslaveryandpromotingeconomicandf
8、inancialmodernization.6.GildedAge:HistoriansrefertotheyearsbetweentheCivilWarandthestartofthe20thcenturyastheGildedAge,borrowingthetitleofan1873novelbyMarkTwainandCharlesDudleyWarner.TheGildedAgewasaneraofindustrialgiants,ofbusinesspeoplewhoencounter
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