资源描述：
《哈佛大学公开课程-公正该如何做是好(英文文本全集)》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、哈佛大学公开课程《公正：该如何做是好？》Justice:What'stheRightThingtoDo?Thisisacourseaboutjusticeandwebeginwithastory.Supposeyou'rethedriverofatrolleycar,andyourtrolleycarishurtlingdownthetrackat60milesanhour.Andattheendofthetrackyounoticefiveworkersworkingonthetrack.Youtrytostopbutyoucan't,yourbr
2、akesdon'twork.Youfeeldesperatebecauseyouknowthatifyoucrashintothesefiveworkers,theywillalldie.Let'sassumeyouknowthatforsure.Andsoyoufeelhelplessuntilyounoticethatthereis,offtotheright,asidetrackandattheendofthattrack,thereisoneworkerworkingonthetrack.Yoursteeringwheelworks,soyo
3、ucanturnthetrolleycar,ifyouwantto,ontothesidetrackkillingtheonebutsparingthefive.Here'sourfirstquestion:what'stherightthingtodo?Whatwouldyoudo?Let'stakeapoll.Howmanywouldturnthetrolleycarontothesidetrack?Raiseyourhands.Howmanywouldn't?Howmanywouldgostraightahead?Keepyourhandsup
4、thoseofyouwhowouldgostraightahead.Ahandfulofpeoplewould,thevastmajoritywouldturn.Let'shearfirst,nowweneedtobegintoinvestigatethereasonswhyyouthinkit'stherightthingtodo.Let'sbeginwiththoseinthemajoritywhowouldturntogoontothesidetrack.Whywouldyoudoit?Whatwouldbeyourreason?Who'swi
5、llingtovolunteerareason?Goahead.Standup.Becauseitcan'tberighttokillfivepeoplewhenyoucanonlykillonepersoninstead.Itwouldn'tberighttokillfiveifyoucouldkillonepersoninstead.That'sagoodreason.That'sagoodreason.Whoelse?Doeseverybodyagreewiththatreason?Goahead.WellIwasthinkingit'sthe
6、samereasonon9/11withregardtothepeoplewhoflewtheplaneintothePennsylvaniafieldasheroesbecausetheychosetokillthepeopleontheplaneandnotkillmorepeopleinbigbuildings.Sotheprincipletherewasthesameon9/11.It'satragiccircumstancebutbettertokillonesothatfivecanlive,isthatthereasonmostofyo
7、uhad,thoseofyouwhowouldturn?Yes?Let'shearnowfromthoseintheminority,thosewhowouldn'tturn.Yes.Well,Ithinkthat'sthesametypeofmentalitythatjustifiesgenocideandtotalitarianism.Inordertosaveonetypeofrace,youwipeouttheother.Sowhatwouldyoudointhiscase?Youwould,toavoidthehorrorsofgenoci
8、de,youwouldcrashintothefiveandkillthem?Presumably,yes.
