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1、PesticideBasicsUses,Exposures,TypesandAcuteEffectsDidyouknow?5millionatriskpopulation(U.S.EPA,1992)250-500physician-diagnosedcasesoccurper100,000agriculturalworkers(Blondell,1997).Migrantandseasonalfarmworkersareespeciallyathighrisk84%ofAmericanhouseholdsusedpesticides,mostcommonlyinse
2、cticides(Whitmoreetal,1992)Homeownersuse5-10lbs/acre/yrontheirlawnsandgardens,manyxgreaterthanfarmersapplytocornandsoybeanfields(Robinsonetal,1994).Didyouknow?Non-agriculturalpesticideexposureasdisinfectantswidespread:(e.g.,pineoilcleaners,bathroomcleaningproducts,andcleaningmaterialsf
3、orswimmingpools).Non-AgSectoraconcern=pestcontrol,nurseries,greenhouses,andlandscaping.Themedicalprofessionusesdisinfectantstosanitizeandsterilizesurfacesandinstruments.Organophosphateandpyrethroidinsecticidesmostimplicatedforpoisonings.Waterchlorinationisoneofthelargest(bytonnage)uses
4、ofpesticides.WhereArePesticidesUsed?Foreststocontrolinsectsandunder-storyvegetation;Landscapes,parks,andrecreationalareastocontrolweeds,insects,anddiseasepests;Rights-of-wayalongrailroadsandunderelectricwirestocontrolvegetation;Houses,schools,andcommercialandofficebuildingstocontrolins
5、ects,rodents,andfungi;Boathullstocontrolfoulingorganisms;WhereArePesticidesUsed?AquaticsitestocontrolmosquitoesandweedsWoodproductstocontrolwood-destroyingorganismsFoodpreparationareastocontrolinsectsandrodentsHumanskintokillorrepelinsectsHouseholdpetstocontrolfleasandticksLivestocktoc
6、ontrolinsectsandotherpests.NonOccupationalPesticideEncountersAccidentalorintentionalingestionFoodandwaterresiduesContaminatedclothingTreatedwood/structuresResiduesonanimals/carpetsGardenresiduesTermitecontrolHazardouswastesites/spillsAgriculturePesticideApplicationsAerialAirblastspraye
7、rEnclosedcabBackpackwandBoomsprayerAgricultureJobsOrchardthinnerMixerloaderFlaggerPickerProfessionsExposedtoPesticidesAerialequipmentmaintenanceAgronomistsBuildingmaintenanceworkEmergencyrespondersEntomologistsFirefightersForestryworkersFormulatingendproductGreenhouse-nurseryworkersH
