专题3 任务型阅读13

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1、2012高考英语二轮复习专题限时训练专题3任务型阅读13（25分钟）（A）请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。注意：每空格1个单词。Foryears,theautomobileindustryhasbeentestingvehiclesthatusehydrogenasfuel.Now,peopleacrosstheUnitedStateshavehadachancetoseeandevendrivecarsthatgetpowerfromhydrogenfuelcells(燃料电池).B

2、utthehydrogenfuelcellisnotanewidea.ThefuelcellwasfirstinventedbySirWilliamGroveofBritainin1839.Sincethen,manydifferentdesigns,havebeeninvented.Thereisoneplacewherefuelcellsareaproventechnology:inspace.TheAmericanspaceagencyusedfuelcellsinitsApollospaceshipsinthetwen

3、tiethcentury.ThemostusefulfuelcellfortransportationpurposesisthePolymerElectrolyteMembrane,orP.E.M.fuelcell.ItissimpleandcanoperateattemperaturesofsixtytoeightydegreesCelsius.Thatismuchlowerthanotherfuelcelldesigns.AP.E.M.fuelcellhastwosidesdividedbyathinmembrane(膜)

4、.Hydrogengasisforcedthroughonesidewhereitcomesincontactwithareactivematerialcontainingthemetalplatinum(铂).Themembraneseparatestheelectrons(电子)fromtheprotons(质子)inthehydrogenatoms.Theprotonspassthroughittotheothersideofthefuelcell.Buttheelectronsarecapturedtodowork;l

5、ikepoweringamotor.Oxygenfromtheairisforcedintotheothersideofthefuelcell.There,thegasmeetstheprotonsthathavepassedthroughthemembrane.Theycombinetoformwaterandheat.Asinglefuelcelldoesnotproducealotofelectricity.Butwhenmanyfuelcellsarecombined,theycanproduceenoughelect

6、ricitytopoweravehicle.Theproductofthechemicalreactionthatpowersfuelcellsiswater.Thismakesfuelcellsaverycleantechnology.Hydrogenfuelcellcarshavebeenslowtodevelopbecauseofmanytechnicalproblemsthathavetobesolved.Forexample,itisunclearhowlongthemembranesinP.E.M.fuelcell

7、swilllast.Also,fuelcellsneedwaterfortheirchemicalreactions.Theymustbedesignedtostarteasilyatlowtemperaturesandindryclimates.Andsmaller,lesscostlyfuelcellsmustbedesignedbefore5theycantrulytaketheplaceofgasolineengines.Nowmoremodelsoffuelcellvehiclesarebeingtestedthan

8、everbefore.Thethreatofclimatechangeandthehighcostofoilhaveincreasedinterestinthesevehiclesthatdonotcausepollution.TitleMoreModelsofHydroge