新编简明英语语言学教程第一次作业及答案

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1、QuizofLinguisticsI.DecidewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsisTrueorFalse.1.Linguisticsisgenerallydefinedasthescientificstudyoflanguage.(T)2.Linguisticsstudiesparticularlanguage,notlanguageingeneral.(F)3.Ascientificstudyoflanguageisbasedonwhatthelinguistthinks.(F)4.Inthestudyoflinguistics,hypoth

2、esesformedshouldbebasedonlanguagefactsandcheckedagainsttheobservedfacts.(T)5.Generallinguisticsisgenerallythestudyoflanguageasawhole.(T)6.Generallinguistics,whichrelatesitselftotheresearchofotherareas,studiesthebasicconcepts,theories,descriptions,modelsandmethodsapplicableinanylinguisticsstudy.(

3、F)7.Modernlinguisticsismostlyprescriptive,butsometimesdescriptive.(F)8.Modernlinguisticsisdifferentfromtraditionalgrammar.(T)9.Adiachronicstudyoflanguageisthedescriptionoflanguageatsomepointintime.(F)10.ThedistinctionbetweencompetenceandperformancewasproposedbySaussure.(F)II.Fillineachofthefollo

4、wingblankswithonewordwhichbeginswiththelettergiven.1.Chomskydefines“competence”astheidealuser’sknowledge______oftherulesofhislanguage.2.Languereferstotheabstract_______linguisticsystemsharedbyallthemembersofaspeechcommunitywhiletheparoleistheconcreteuseoftheconventionsandapplicationoftherules.3.

5、Duality______isoneofthedesingfeaturesofhumanlanguagewhichreferstothephenomenonthatlanguageconsistsoftwolevels:alowerlevelofmeaninglessindividualsoundsandahigherlevelofmeaningfulunits.4.Languageisasystemofarbitrary_________vocalsymbolsusedforhumancommunication.5.Parole____referstotherealizationof

6、langueinactualuse.6.Findingsinlinguisticstudiescanoftenbeappliedtothesettlementofsomepracticalproblems.Thestudyofsuchapplicationisgenerallyknownasapplied_____linguistics.7.Languageisproductive________inthatitmakespossibletheconstructionandinterpretationofnewsignalsbyitsusers.Inotherwords,theycan

7、produceandunderstandaninfinitelylargenumberofsentenceswhichtheyhaveneverheardbefore.8.Linguisticsisgenerallydefinedasthescientific______studyoflanguge.9.Ifalinguisticstudydescribesandanalyzesthelanguagepeopleactuallyuse,itis