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1、外科脱水题（Surgicaldehydration）Item1basicskillsofsurgicalnursingTask1,fluidimbalance,patientcareFirst,thenounexplanation1.hypertonicdehydration2.hypotonicdehydration3.isotonicdehydration4.paradoxicalurine5.liquidtherapy6.totalparenteralnutrition(TPN)Two.Fillintheblanks1.no
2、rmaladultsneedsodiumchloride()daily,equivalenttoisotonicsaline(water);dailyneedofpotassiumsalt(),equivalentto10%potassiumchloride().2.adultmalebodyweight(total),which(as)()forintracellularfluid,extracellularfluid;extracellularfluidinplasma(bodyweight),therest()forinte
3、rstitialfluid;*extracellularfluidcanbedividedinto(a)and(third),whichislocatedinthegapforfluid().3.normaladultsdischargeapproximatelyatotalofliquiddaily,ofwhichurinevolumeisapproximately(),andrespirationevaporatesapproximately(),theskinevaporatesabout(),andthefaecesare
4、about().Suchastracheotomy,adultsincreasedailylossofwater(),sweatsoaked,underwear,waterlossabout().4.hypertonicdehydrationcausedbyincreasedosmolalityofthebodyfluid,resultinginurinaryvolume()andspecificgravityofurine.5.lowpermeabilitydehydrationearly,duetolowerbodyfluid
5、pressure,antidiuretichormonesecretion(),sotheurinevolume(or),buttheurinegravity().6.thesafestwaytosupplementpotassiumis().Ifyouneedanintravenoussupplementofpotassium,theconcentrationshouldnotexceed(),thedropspeedisnotmorethan()perperson;andthepotassiumchloridesolution
6、isdefinitelyprohibited.7.acidosisincreasesH+,stimulatestelangiectasia,andoccursinthefaceofthepatient(but),butwhentheshockpatientisaccompaniedbyacidosis,thefacialexpressionis().8.,thebodythroughthe(,),(and)3waystomaintaintheacid-basebalanceofthebodyfluid,theroleisfast(
7、()),theroleoflastingandpowerfulis().Three,JaneanswerHowmanyquestionsshouldbepaidattentiontoin1.intravenouspotassiumsupplementation?2.whatarethemainindicatorsoftheresponsetoinfusiontherapy?Fourcasediscussion1.Mr.Wang,38yearsold,weight70kg.Paroxysmalabdominalpain2days,a
8、ccompaniedbyfrequentvomiting,nobowelmovement,thirst,oliguria,fatigue,thediagnosisofacuteintestinalobstructionadmittedtohospi
