溯因逻辑科学哲学和人工智能

溯因逻辑科学哲学和人工智能

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1、SeekingExplanations:AbductioninLogic,PhilosophyofScienceandArti calIntelligenceAtochaAliseda-LLeraSeekingExplanations:AbductioninLogic,PhilosophyofScienceandArti calIntelligenceILLCDissertationSeries1997-4instituteforlogic,languageandcomputationForfurtherinformationabout

2、ILLC-publications,pleasecontactInstituteforLogic,LanguageandComputationUniversiteitvanAmsterdamPlantageMuidergracht241018TVAmsterdamphone:+31-20-5256090fax:+31-20-5255101e-mail:illc@wins.uva.nlSEEKINGEXPLANATIONS:ABDUCTIONINLOGIC,PHILOSOPHYOFSCIENCEANDARTIFICIALINTELLIGE

3、NCEadissertationsubmittedtothedepartmentofphilosophyinterdepartmentalprograminphilosophyandsymbolicsystemsandthecommitteeongraduatestudiesofstanforduniversityinpartialfulfillmentoftherequirementsforthedegreeofdoctorofphilosophyByAtochaAliseda-LLeraAugust1997Promotor:Prof

4、.dr.J.vanBenthemFaculteitWiskundeenInformaticaUniversiteitvanAmsterdamPlantageMuidergracht241018TVAmsterdamTheinvestigationsweresupportedbytheUniversidadNacionalAutonomadeMexico,InstitutodeInvestigacionesFiloso cas.cCopyright1997byAtochaAliseda-LLeraISBN:90{74795{73{0

5、ContentsAcknowledgementsix1WhatisAbduction?OverviewandProposalforInvestigation11.1WhatisAbduction?...........................11.2TheFoundingFather:C.S.Peirce....................101.3PhilosophyofScience...........................141.4Arti cialIntelligence.................

6、..........181.5FurtherFieldsofApplication......................221.6ATaxonomyforAbduction.......................261.7ThesisAimandOverview........................322AbductionasLogicalInference352.1Introduction................................352.2DirectionsinReasoning:Forw

7、ardandBackward..........................372.3FormatsofInference:PremisesandBackgroundTheory....................392.4InferentialStrength:AParameter....................422.5RequirementsforAbductiveInference..................452.6StylesofInferenceandStructuralRules.........

8、........502.7StructuralRulesForAbduction.....................552.8FurtherLogicalIssues.................

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