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1、制衣工人变应性鼻炎350例临床分析作者:潘丽宁,冯小玲,吴小海【摘要】目的分析来我院就诊并诊断为变应性鼻炎的制衣工人350例,就其发病的原因、易感因素、工作、生活环境的影响等进行分析,并提出相应的预防措施。方法回顾性分析2005~2007年来我科就诊的患变应性鼻炎制衣工人350例,分析其发病与工作、生活环境、接触变应原种类等的关系。结果350例制衣工人中均为常年变应性鼻炎。不同工种人员间变应性鼻炎的发病无明显区别,其发病时间、症状轻重与工龄长短似无直接关系。临床表现喷嚏占98%,流涕占85%,鼻痒占68%,鼻塞占68%,伴有眼痒占45%,咽部症状占4
2、0%,嗅觉减退占26%,头胀、头痛占12%,合并有鼻窦炎10%,哮喘3%,鼻息肉1%,鼻中隔偏曲1%。结论制衣工人长期暴露于含有植物纤维、垫料的尘、螨及布料中的化学物质等多种变应原的混合物等致敏原中,工作环境普遍较差,工作空间狭小,加上工时长,缺乏良好的通风设备及防护、隔绝措施,生活卫生条件亦差,变应性鼻炎的发病大大增加。改善工作和生活环境,采取积极防护措施,及时有效的抗过敏治疗是目前较为切实可行的方法。【关键词】鼻炎;变应性;制衣工人[Abstract]ObjectiveToexplorethe8pathogenesis,predisposingf
3、actors,workingenvironmentalfactorsofallergicrhinitisthroughanalysisof350clothes-makerssufferingfromallergicrhinitis,andproposingthecorrespondentpreventivemeasure.MethodsRetrospectiveanalysisof350clother-makerssufferingfromallergicrhinitisinourhospitalfrom2005to2007wasdone,andth
4、erelationshipbetweenpathogenesisandwork-livingenvironment,thevarietyofallergen,andsoonwereexplored.Results350clothes-makerswereallsufferingfromallergicrhinitis.Therewasnoapparentdifferenceamongtheworkerswithdifferentworkingtype.Itseemedthatnorelationwasamongthetimeoccurrence,se
5、riousnessandtheworkingage.Theincidenceintheclinicsymptoms:sneezewas98%,rhinorrhea85%,nasalitch68%,whilenasalobstruction68%,withthesymptomofeyesitch45%,hyposomnia26%,headache12%,andcompanyingwithsinusitis10%,asthma3%,polyps1%,nasoseptaldeviation1%.ConclusionTheclothes-makersarel
6、ong-timeexposedinsuchwokingenvironmentwhereisfullofplantfiber,dyestuffdust,miteandchemicalmaterial,thewokingenvironmentisbad,workingspaceisnarrow,workingtimeislong,itlacksofeffectiveenoughventilationequipments,preventiveandisolatedmeasure,andasbadasthelivinghygienecondition,sot
7、heincidenceofallergic8rhinitisisincreasinggreatly.Toimprovetheconditionofworkingandlivingenvironment,takingthepreventivemeasureandgivingeffectiveanti-allergictreatmentaretherealways.[Keywords]rhinitis;allergic;clothes-maker随着社会经济的发展,大批农民工进入大城市务工,其中相当一部分人从事制衣行业。据我科初步观察,来我科就诊的变应性
8、鼻炎患者中制衣工人居多。为进一步了解制衣工人变应性鼻炎的发病原因、易感因素及其预防措施,现将我科自2005年