浙江大学兰氏化学手册section1organiccompounds

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1、SECTION1ORGANICCOMPOUNDS1.1NOMENCLATUREOFORGANICCOMPOUNDS1.11.1.1NonfunctionalCompounds1.1Table1.1NamesofStraight-ChainAlkanes1.2Table1.2FusedPolycyclicHydrocarbons1.8Table1.3SpecialistNomenclatureforHeterocyclicSystems1.11Table1.4SuffixesforSpecialistNomenclatureofHeterocyclicSystems1.

2、12Table1.5TrivialNamesofHeterocyclicSystemsSuitableforUseinFusionNames1.13Table1.6TrivialNamesforHeterocyclicSystemsThatAreNotRecommendedforUseinFusionNames1.161.1.2FunctionalCompounds1.17Table1.7CharacteristicGroupsforSubstitutiveNomenclature1.18Table1.8CharacteristicGroupsCitedOnlyas

3、PrefixesinSubstitutiveNomenclature1.19Table1.9FunctionalClassNamesUsedinRadicofunctionalNomenclature1.221.1.3SpecificFunctionalGroups1.23Table1.10RetainedTrivialNamesofAlcoholsandPhenolswithStructures1.24Table1.11NamesofSomeCarboxylicAcids1.30Table1.12ParentStructuresofPhosphorus-Contain

4、ingCompounds1.361.1.4Stereochemistry1.391.1.5ChemicalAbstractsIndexingSystem1.49Table1.13NamesandFormulasofOrganicRadicals1.511.2PHYSICALPROPERTIESOFPURESUBSTANCES1.58Table1.14EmpiricalFormulaIndexofOrganicCompounds1.58Table1.15PhysicalConstantsofOrganicCompounds1.741.1NOMENCLATUREOFOR

5、GANICCOMPOUNDSThefollowingsynopsisofrulesfornamingorganiccompoundsandtheexamplesgiveninexpla-nationarenotintendedtocoverallthepossiblecases.Foramorecomprehensiveanddetaileddescription,seeJ.RigaudyandS.P.Klesney,NomenclatureofOrganicChemistry,SectionsA,B,C,D,E,F,andH,PergamonPress,Oxfor

6、d,1979.ThispublicationcontainstherecommendationsoftheCommissiononNomenclatureofOrganicChemistryandwaspreparedundertheauspicesoftheInternationalUnionofPureandAppliedChemistry(IUPAC).1.1.1NonfunctionalCompounds1.1.1.1Alkanes.Thesaturatedopen-chain(acyclic)hydrocarbonshavenamesending(CH)n

7、2nˠ2in-ane.Thefirstfourmembershavethetrivialnamesmethane(CH4),ethane(CH3CH3orC2H6),propane(C3H8),andbutane(C4H10).Fortheremainderofthealkanes,thefirstportionofthenameDEAN#37261(McGHP)RIGHTINTERACTIVEtopofpage1.1baseofDFshortstandard1.2SECTION1isderivedfromtheGreekprefix(seeTable2.4)that