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1、塞尔言语行为理论研究ClassifiedIndex:CODE:10075.:NO.20090035ADissertationfortheDegreeofM.PhilosophyStudiesinSearle’sTheoryofSpeechActsCandidate:LiangJunjieSupervisor:Prof.ZhangYanjingAcademicDegreeAppliedfor:MasterofPhilosophySpecialty:LogicUniversity:HebeiUniversityDateofOralExaminatio
2、n:May,2012摘要摘要塞尔是当今美国著名的分析哲学家,他的言语行为理论是语言哲学的重要组成部分。在塞尔看来,语言交流最小的单位是某种言语行为的完成。他将奥斯汀对于言语行为原有的分类进行修正,提出了更趋完善的分类,即发话行为、命题行为、以言行事的行为和以言取效的行为。在此基础上,塞尔重点分析以言行事的行为,并在分类问题上提出十二条分类标准,认为言语交流应该遵守构成规则。塞尔对格赖斯在会话含义理论中提到的间接言语行为这一概念进行发掘,提出并阐述了间接言语行为理论,将语言哲学的意义问题与言语行为联系起来考察,对语用学的发展起到了巨大的推动作用。同
3、时,他强调语言哲学与心灵哲学的密切联系,甚至把语言哲学看作心灵哲学的一部分,这为语言哲学的发展提供了一个新的方向,拓宽了语言哲学的研究领域。随着对言语行为理论研究的不断深入,塞尔建立起以言行事的逻辑,对自然语言逻辑的发展具有开创性的意义。关键词塞尔意向性意义言语行为间接言语行为1AbstractAbstractJohnRogersSearleisafamouscontemporaryanalyticphilosopherofAmerica,histheoryofspeechactsistheimportantpartofphilosophyofl
4、anguage.InSearle’sopinion,theminimumunitoflanguagecommunicationissomekindofspeechactsofcompletion.HeamendedAustin’soriginalclassificationanalysisforspeechacts,proposedamoresophisticatedclassification,whichwasutteranceact,propositionalact,illocutionaryactandperlocutionaryact.I
5、nsuchabasis,hefocusedonanalysisofillocutionaryact,andthenproposed12classificationcriteria.Hestronglyregardedthattheconstitutiverulesofverbalcommunicationshouldbeobserved.SearleexploredtheconceptofindirectspeechactswhichmentionedinthetheoryofconversationalimplicaturebyPaulGric
6、e,thenelaboratedhisowntheory,theindirectspeechacts.Onpromotingdevelopmentpragmatics,helinkedmeaningwhichisthecoreissueofphilosophyoflanguageandspeechactstoinvestigation.Atthesametime,Searleemphasizedthecloserelationonphilosophyoflanguageandmind,evenconsideredthephilosophyofla
7、nguageaspartofthephilosophyofmind,whichprovidedanewdirectionforthedevelopmentofphilosophyoflanguage,widentheedgeofresearchonit.Withthedeepeningofresearchonthetheoryofspeechacts,Searleestablishedthe"illocutionarylogic"whichhasthesymbolicmeaningforthelogicofnaturallanguagedevel
8、opment.KeywordsSearleIntentionalityMeaningSpeechactsIndirectspeechac