遗传学名词翻译英文

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1、遗传学名词解释abortivetransductionAneventinwhichtransducingDNAfailstobeincorporatedintotherecipientchromosome.Seetransduction.accessionnumberAnidentifyingnumberorcodeassignedtoanucleotideoraminoacidsequenceforentryandcataloginginadatabase.acentricchromosomeChromoso

2、meorchromosomefragmentwithnocentromere.acridinedyesAclassoforganiccompoundsthatbindtoDNAandintercalateintothedouble-strandedstructure,producinglocaldisruptionsofbasepairing.Thesedisruptionsresultinnucleotideadditionsordeletionsinthenextroundofreplication.acr

3、ocentricchromosomeChromosomewiththecentromerelocatedveryclosetooneend.Humanchromosomes13,14,15,21,and22areacrocentric.activesiteThesubstrate-bindingsiteofanenzyme;inotherproteins,theportionwhosestructuralintegrityisrequiredforfunction.AdaptationAheritablecom

4、ponentofthephenotypethatconfersanadvantageinsurvivalandreproductivesuccess.Theprocessbywhichorganismsadapttocurrentenvironmentalconditions.additivegenesSeepolygenicinheritance.additivevarianceGeneticvarianceattributedtothesubstitutionofonealleleforanotherata

5、givenlocus.Thisvariancecanbeusedtopredicttherateofresponsetophenotypicselectioninquantitativetraits.A-DNAAnalternativeformofright-handed,double-helicalDNA.ItshelixismoretightlycoiledthanthemorecommonB-DNA,with11basepairsperfullturn.IntheAform,thebasesinthehe

6、lixaredisplacedlaterallyandtiltedinrelationtothelongitudinalaxis.Itisnotyetclearwhetherthisformhasbiologicalsignificance.SeeB-DNA.albinismAconditioncausedbythelackofmelaninproductionintheiris,hair,andskin.Inhumans,itismostofteninheritedasanautosomalrecessive

7、trait.AlkaptonuriaAnautosomalrecessiveconditioninhumanscausedbylackoftheenzymehomogentisicacidoxidase.Urineofhomozygousindividualsturnsdarkuponstandingbecauseofoxidationofexcretedhomogentisicacid.Thecartilageofhomozygousadultsblackensfromdepositionofapigment

8、derivedfromhomogentisicacid.Affectedindividualsoftendeveloparthriticconditions.alleleOneofthepossiblealternativeformsofagene,oftendistinguishedfromotherallelesbyphenotypiceffects.allele-specific