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1、Unit6ManandAnimalsUsefulInformationMan'srelationshipwithanimalshasalwaysbeenambivalent.Ontheonehand,animalshavebeenworshippedandattributedwithallkindsofmysteriousandsuperiorpowers.Ontheotherhand,theyhavebeenhunted,domesticated,exterminated,andevenexploitedasasourceofentertainment.Inmanycountries,
2、manhasalsocreatedimaginarycreaturesthatplayamajorroleinpopularcultures.TheChinesedragonisperhapsoneofthemostfamousexamples. Comparisonsbetweenanimalsandmanhavebeenmadethroughoutthecenturies.Insomecultures,thesinisterandaggressiveaspectofmanisregardedastheanimalsideofhumannature.Recentresearchonhu
3、manbehavior,forexample,drawsparallelsbetweentheaggressivenessofmodernmantotheabnormalbehaviorofacagedanimal.Somescientistsbelievethatunnaturalconditions,suchasovercrowdingandalienatingroutinejobs,causepeopletoperformactsofviolence.Otherscientistsfeelthataggressionisanaturalinstinctthatcouldbedire
4、ctedtowardspositiveandcreativeactivities. TheideaofananimalisticsideofhumannatureisforeigntotheNorthAmericanIndianswhoregardanimalsasequalsofman.Theyarenotonlyequaltoman,buttheyareconsideredtobethefoundersandguardiansoftheirtribes.Theraven,theeagle,thebearandotheranimalsalwaysappearinstylizedform
5、sontheirtotempoles. Eversincethedawnofcivilization,animalshavebeenusedtohelpandtoservemaninmanyways.Sheepandgoatswerebredtoprovidewool,meat,andfat.Largeanimalslikeoxen,waterbuffaloandhorseswereusedtopullploughsandcarryheavyloads.Capableofsensingwaterfromagreatdistanceandgoingdayswithoutwater,came
6、lsprovedtobetheidealanimalforthenomadicpeopleofthedesert.Thedog,knowninEnglish-speakingcountriesas"man'sbestfriend,"isoneofthemostversatileanimals.Dogshavebeenbredtohunt,toguard,toherdsheepandcattle,tofindpeopleinthesnoworintherubbleofearthquakes,toleadtheblind,andtosniffforillegaldrugs. Formanyc
7、enturiesintheWest,itwasthoughtthatanimalsdidnotfeelpainandthattherewasnosuchthingascrueltytoanimals.ItwasinEnglandintheeighteenthcenturythattheadvocacyofanimalrightsbegan.Itshouldbesaid,however,thatrespectfultreatmento
