unit4careerplanning新编大学英语第二版第三册课文翻译

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2、Unit4CareerPlanningCareerPlanningCareerplanningdoesnotnecessarilyfollowroutineorlogicalsteps.Eachofusplacesweightondifferentfactorsandmayconsidercertainphasesofcareerplanningatdifferenttimes.Careerplanningincludesgatheringinformationaboutourselvesandaboutoccupations,

3、estimatingtheprobableoutcomesofvariouscoursesofaction,andfinally,choosingalternativesthatwefindattractiveandfeasible.Manyobservershavepointedoutthatstudentsarenotveryefficientcareerplanners.Theyciteevidencethat(1)moststudentschoosefromamongaverynarrowgroupofoccupation

4、s;(2)asmanyas40to60percentchooseprofessionaloccupations,wheninrealityonly15to18percentoftheworkforceisengagedinprofessionalwork;(3)youngmenshowastrikinglackofinterestinclerical,sales,andserviceoccupations,althoughthesefieldsoffermanyjobopportunities;and(4)asmanyasathi

5、rdofthestudentsareunabletoexpressanychoiceofoccupation.IntheirbookDecisionMaking,IrvingJanisandLeonMannidentifyseriousflawsinthewaysmanypeoplemakedecisions.Theseflawsseemtobeassociatedwiththepatternspeopleusetocopewithproblems.Thefirstflawiscomplacency.Peoplewhoignore

6、challenginginformationaboutthechoicestheymakedemonstratecomplacency.Peoplewhotaketheattitudethat"Itwon'taffectme"or"Itwillneverhappen"usecomplacencyasadominantpatternofbehaving.Ofcourse,complacencyisappropriateforanydecisioninwhichnothingmuchisatstake,butthatdoesnotde

7、scribecareerdecisions.Asecondflawinthewaypeoplecopewithdecisionsisdefensiveavoidance.Whenconfrontedwithadecisionandunabletobelievetheycanfindanacceptablesolution,somepeopleremaincalmbyresortingtowishfulthinkingordaydreaming.Studentswhofailtothinkabouttheimplicationsof

8、theircareerchoicesoftenengageinrationalization(deceivingoneselfwithself-satisfyingbutincorrectexplanationsforone'sbehavior)orprocrastination(puttingoffordelaying).Facingthesituationmayproduceanxiety,butexaminingalternativescouldalsobringrelief.Athirdflawishypervigilan

9、ce.Thisoccursincareerdecisionmakingwhenpeoplebelievethereisnotenoughtimetofindasolutionandtheypanic.Theysearchfranticallyfor