美国作家霍桑hawthorne

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1、Questions1.WhendoesAmericanRomanticismbegintoflourish?2.WhoisthefirstimportantAmericanwriter?Andwhatishisrepresentativework?3.IshearealAmericanwriter?4.WhoisthefirstAmericannovelist?5.WhendidAmericanRomanticismculminate?6.WhathasNaturebeencalled?7.AndwhathasTheAmerica

2、nScholarbeenrightlyregarded?8.IsAmericanRomanticismtheformativeperiodofindigenousAmericanliterature?9.AmongtheAmericanRomantics,whodrewfromEmerson’sdoctrine?Andwhoreactedagainsthisdoctrine?10.Whowere“NewEnglandpoets”?11.Whowasforalongtimeperhapsthemostcontroversialand

3、themostmisunderstoodofAmericanwriters?霍桑NathanielHawthorne(1804-1864)WhatdoyouknowaboutNathanielHawthorne?NathanielHawthorne霍桑(1804-1864)1.Americannovelistandshortstorywriter,mostfamousforhisnovelTheScarletLetter.2.CombinedtheAmericanromanticismwithpuritanmoralism3.Pi

4、oneeringpsychologicalnovelist(早期心理小说家4.Hedidn’tagreewiththeoptimismheldbyTranscendentaliststowardshumannature.Hewrotelotsofworksoneverlastingevilsideinhumannature.5.Anti-transcendentalworksfromMelville,Hawthorne,andPoeallcomprisetheDarkRomanticism（阴郁浪漫主义、黑色浪漫主义)oflite

5、raturepopularduringthistime.Hislife(1)1BorninSalem,Mass.in1804;2WenttoBowdoinCollege(鲍登学院),beingfriendsofLongfellowandFranklinPiercein1821;3Livedinsolitudeandseclusionfrom1825to1837(readwidely,acquaintedwithlocalhistory,andpracticewriting:1sttalein1828;Twice-ToldTales

6、in1837)Hislife(2)4WorkedastheCustomOfficerinBostonforawhile;latersurveyoftheportofSalem;（1839-1849）5.1841-42，tookpartintheTranscendentalcommunityexperimentinBrookFarm--distasteful5Gatheredhismaterialsbyobservingandlisteningtoothersandwrotehisimmortalworks:Mossesfroman

7、OldMansein1846;TheScarletLetterin1850;TheHouseoftheSevenGablesin1851;TheBlithedaleRomancein1852;TheMarbleFaunin1860.6ConsulinLiverpool,Englandfrom1853—1857;7LatertraveledinItaly8Diedin1864;SalemCustom-HousewhereHawthorneworkedSleepyHollowCemetryinConcord,Massechussett

8、sStatueinSalem,MassechussettsMajorworksFictionFanshawe《范肖》(1828)TheBlithedaleRomance《福谷传奇》(1852)TheHouseofSevenGables《带有七个尖角