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1、年轻人慢性粘液分泌过多与哮喘关系的研究杨邦好浙江苍南县人民医院内科摘要:目的:研究慢性粘液分泌过多(CMH)是否为年轻人哮喘的标志。方法:选择19-29岁成年人630人,其中女性348人,男性281人为研究对象,使用问卷调查获取其个人病史包括吸烟史和呼吸性疾病史,并使用标准技术检测其肺功能,呼吸道道组胺反应性,皮肤反应检验等。结果:慢性粘液分泌过多(CMH)的发生率为7.7%,其中女性8.4%,男性6.9%,患者中70%为吸烟者。CMH的发生与呼吸困难,吸烟量,低FEV1/FVC率以及低体重指数(BMJ)等密切相关,
2、但是与气道组胺反应性,气管舒张剂有效性,自我报告的鼻炎或湿疹,个人或家族过敏史,FEVi1等哮喘相关因素无明显相关性。结论:成人尤其是吸烟者慢性粘液分泌过多发生率较高,CMH可提示哮喘症状,但是与哮喘呼吸道不稳定性无明显相关性。目前的研究提示CMH可能是吸烟相关性肺疾病的早期标志。关键词:哮喘、慢性粘液分泌过多(CMH)、吸烟、呼吸道疾病。[Abstract]ObjectiveToinvestigatetheassociationbetweenchronicmucushypersecretion(CMH)andast
3、hmainyoungadults.MethodsEpidemiologystudyofapopulationsampleofyoungadults(n=630,281males),aged19–29yearswasmade.Casehistory,includingtobaccoexposureandrespiratorysymptoms,wasobtainedbyquestionnaire.Pulmonaryfunction,histamineresponsiveness,bronchodilatorreversi
4、bility,skintestreactivity,andleukocytecountweremeasuredusingstandardtechniques.ResultsTheoverallprevalenceofCMHwas7.7%,8.4%infemalesand6.9%inmales,respectively,ofwhommorethan73%werecurrentsmokers.ThepresenceofCMHwassignificantlyassociatedwithdyspneaatexertion,n
5、umberofpack-years,lowerFEV1/FVCratio,andlowerBMI.But,nosignificantassociationwasfoundbetweenCMHandthefollowingasthma-relatedfactors:airwayresponsivenesstoinhaledhistamine,bronchodilatorreversibility,self-reportedrhinitisoreczema,atopy,FEV1(%pred),andB-eosinophi
6、lcount.ConclusionsCMHisacommonfindinginyoungadults,primarilyinsmokers.CMHwasrelatedtorespiratorysymptomssuggestingasthma,butnosignificantassociationwasobservedbetweenCMHandobjectivesignsofasthmaticairwaylability.ThepresentfindingsthereforemaysuggestthatCMHislik
7、elytobeanearlymarkerofsmoking-relatedlungdiseaseinyoungadults,insteadofamarkerofreversibleobstructivelungdisease,whichmayhaveimportantimplicationsfortheapproachtoyoungpeoplepresentingwithrespiratorysymptomssuggestingasthma.Keywords:Asthma;Chronicmucushypersecre
8、tion(CMH);Smoking;airwaydisease.哮喘是一种有明显家族聚集倾向的多基因遗传病,目前全球有哮喘患者1.5亿,而我国至少有千万以上的哮喘患者[1],慢性粘液分泌过多(CMH)在哮喘病人,尤其是症状较重的患者中非常普遍。[2]流行病学研究结果显示哮喘合并CMH患者的肺功能衰退比单纯哮喘患者更严重,死亡率也更高。[3,4]